Gestión de riesgos financieros en proyectos de cierre de minas utilizando los principios del ICMM. Consideraciones a la ley 28090, ley de cierre de minas y su reglamento
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
La minería es fundamental en la historia del Perú, y asimismo hemos podido observar
la gran presencia de pasivos ambientales mineros, hoy con la normativa y estándares
es posible reducir esta carga futura. La Ley 28090, Ley que regula el Cierre de Minas,
establece los lineamientos mínimos para la gestión del cierre de minas en Perú, pero su
enfoque es más normativo que estratégico, después de todo es una de las normativas
más nuevas a nivel mundial en este aspecto. En consecuencia, observamos a los
principios del ICMM (International Council on Mining and Metals) y como ofrecen un
marco integral para la gestión de riesgos financieros en cierres mineros, promoviendo
prácticas más sostenibles. Sin embargo, la normativa peruana no integra estos
principios, brindándonos una oportunidad para revisar y mejorar las políticas tanto
empresariales como estatales del cierre de minas.
Esta investigación analiza cómo la incorporación de los principios del ICMM
(International Council on Mining and Metals) puede mejorar la gestión de riesgos
financieros en proyectos de cierre de minas en Perú, asegurando el cumplimiento
normativo y una planificación financiera eficiente, para prevenir que casos como
Quiruvilca no se repitan. Para el desarrollo del estudio se emplea una metodología mixta
con análisis documental y método comparado. Los resultados muestran que la
integración de estos principios mejora la disponibilidad de fondos, reduce la
incertidumbre financiera y fortalece la rendición de cuentas. Se concluye que adaptar la
normativa peruana para incluir enfoques de gestión basados en estándares
internacionales permitiría un cierre de minas más eficiente y sostenible, y con costos
más acordes a la realidad.
Mining is fundamental to Peru's history, and we have also observed the significant presence of mining environmental liabilities. Today, with regulations and standards, it is possible to reduce this future burden. Law 28090, the Law that regulates Mine Closure, establishes the minimum guidelines for mine closure management in Peru, but its approach is more regulatory than strategic. After all, it is one of the newest regulations worldwide in this regard. Consequently, we look at the principles of the ICMM (International Council on Mining and Metals) and how they offer a comprehensive framework for managing financial risks in mine closures, promoting more sustainable practices. However, Peruvian regulations do not integrate these principles, presenting an opportunity to review and improve both corporate and governmental mine closure policies. This research analyzes how incorporating ICMM (International Council on Mining and Metals) principles can enhance financial risk management in mine closure projects in Peru, ensuring regulatory compliance and efficient financial planning to prevent cases like Quiruvilca from recurring. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, including documentary analysis and a comparative method. The results show that integrating these principles improves fund availability, reduces financial uncertainty, and strengthens accountability. The study concludes that adapting Peruvian regulations to include management approaches based on international standards would enable more efficient and sustainable mine closures, with costs more aligned with reality.
Mining is fundamental to Peru's history, and we have also observed the significant presence of mining environmental liabilities. Today, with regulations and standards, it is possible to reduce this future burden. Law 28090, the Law that regulates Mine Closure, establishes the minimum guidelines for mine closure management in Peru, but its approach is more regulatory than strategic. After all, it is one of the newest regulations worldwide in this regard. Consequently, we look at the principles of the ICMM (International Council on Mining and Metals) and how they offer a comprehensive framework for managing financial risks in mine closures, promoting more sustainable practices. However, Peruvian regulations do not integrate these principles, presenting an opportunity to review and improve both corporate and governmental mine closure policies. This research analyzes how incorporating ICMM (International Council on Mining and Metals) principles can enhance financial risk management in mine closure projects in Peru, ensuring regulatory compliance and efficient financial planning to prevent cases like Quiruvilca from recurring. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, including documentary analysis and a comparative method. The results show that integrating these principles improves fund availability, reduces financial uncertainty, and strengthens accountability. The study concludes that adapting Peruvian regulations to include management approaches based on international standards would enable more efficient and sustainable mine closures, with costs more aligned with reality.
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Cierre de minas--Perú, Minas y recursos minerales--Legislación--Perú, Administración de riesgo financiero--Perú