Informe jurídico sobre la Resolución del Tribunal Fiscal N.º 06435-12-2024: Deducibilidad del gasto por asistencia técnica y configuración del establecimiento permanente bajo el CDI Perú - Brasil
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
La Resolución del Tribunal Fiscal N.º 06435-12-2024 resolvió la apelación de un
concesionario del Proyecto Chavimochic contra el reparo formulado por SUNAT
al desconocer el costo de S/ 993 814 pagado a la empresa brasileña Intertechne
por la elaboración del expediente técnico y la ingeniería de detalle del proyecto.
SUNAT alegó que el proveedor había configurado un establecimiento
permanente (EP) en el Perú y, por tanto, debía emitir comprobantes de pago
locales. El análisis revisa, en primer lugar, la correcta calificación de la renta: los
pagos constituyen regalías por asistencia técnica conforme al artículo 12 del
Convenio para Evitar la Doble Imposición Perú-Brasil, lo que desplaza la
aplicación de los artículos 5 y 7 sobre EP y beneficios empresariales. En segundo
término, se demuestra que, bajo la normativa interna vigente en 2014, el
proveedor no configuraba EP porque la Ley del Impuesto a la Renta aún no
contenía la figura del “EP de servicios”, y la retención del 15 % practicada
bastaba para sustentar la deducción conforme al artículo 76 LIR. En
consecuencia, la exigencia de comprobante peruano carecía de base legal,
vulneraba el principio de jerarquía normativa y resultaba desproporcionada.
Aunque el Tribunal Fiscal revocó el reparo, lo hizo por ausencia de EP sin
reconocer la prevalencia del artículo 12 del CDI. Finalmente, el informe propone
lineamientos de política tributaria y reformas normativas que armonicen las
obligaciones formales con los estándares del MLI y el artículo 14-B LIR
introducido en 2019.
Tax Court Resolution No. 06435-12-2024 addressed the appeal filed by a concessionaire of the Chavimochic Project against a tax adjustment made by SUNAT, which denied the deduction of S/ 993,814 paid to the Brazilian company Intertechne for the preparation of the technical file and detailed engineering of the project. SUNAT argued that the service provider had constituted a permanent establishment (PE) in Peru and was therefore required to issue local payment vouchers. This analysis first assesses the proper characterization of the income: the payments qualify as royalties for technical assistance under Article 12 of the Peru–Brazil Agreement to avoid double taxation (DTA), which overrides the application of Articles 5 and 7 on PEs and business profits. Secondly, it is demonstrated that, under domestic law in force in 2014, the provider did not constitute a PE, as the Income Tax Law had not yet introduced the figure of a “service PE,” and the 15% withholding applied was sufficient to support the deduction under Article 76. Consequently, the requirement to issue a Peruvian payment voucher lacked legal basis, violated the principle of normative hierarchy, and was disproportionate. Although the Tax Court revoked the adjustment, it did so based on the absence of a PE, without acknowledging the primacy of Article 12 of the DTA. Lastly, the report proposes tax policy guidelines and regulatory reforms to align formal requirements with the standards of the Multilateral Instrument (MLI) and Article 14-B of the Income Tax Law, introduced in 2019.
Tax Court Resolution No. 06435-12-2024 addressed the appeal filed by a concessionaire of the Chavimochic Project against a tax adjustment made by SUNAT, which denied the deduction of S/ 993,814 paid to the Brazilian company Intertechne for the preparation of the technical file and detailed engineering of the project. SUNAT argued that the service provider had constituted a permanent establishment (PE) in Peru and was therefore required to issue local payment vouchers. This analysis first assesses the proper characterization of the income: the payments qualify as royalties for technical assistance under Article 12 of the Peru–Brazil Agreement to avoid double taxation (DTA), which overrides the application of Articles 5 and 7 on PEs and business profits. Secondly, it is demonstrated that, under domestic law in force in 2014, the provider did not constitute a PE, as the Income Tax Law had not yet introduced the figure of a “service PE,” and the 15% withholding applied was sufficient to support the deduction under Article 76. Consequently, the requirement to issue a Peruvian payment voucher lacked legal basis, violated the principle of normative hierarchy, and was disproportionate. Although the Tax Court revoked the adjustment, it did so based on the absence of a PE, without acknowledging the primacy of Article 12 of the DTA. Lastly, the report proposes tax policy guidelines and regulatory reforms to align formal requirements with the standards of the Multilateral Instrument (MLI) and Article 14-B of the Income Tax Law, introduced in 2019.
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Derecho tributario internacional, Asistencia técnica--Brasil, Impuestos dobles, Perú--Relaciones--Brasil, Brasil--Relaciones--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
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