Rechazo al enfoque de género en la currícula escolar: Red social Facebook como medio de expresión ciudadana y foco de fenómenos polarizantes
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación analiza la interacción de los usuarios de la red social Facebook con
las publicaciones que emitió el Ministerio de Educación sobre la inclusión del enfoque de
género en el currículo escolar en 2017 y 2018, para determinar si esta interacción concuerda
con las características del fenómeno conocido como online firestorm. Este fenómeno, que
puede ser denominado como una “tormenta de comentarios en línea”, es la expresión de
rechazo e indignación en las redes sociales ante una persona, compañía o grupo en las redes
sociales, sin embargo, usualmente está basada en opiniones que no evidencian
necesariamente argumentos estructurados. Ya que los comentarios expresan valores e
intereses, la metodología de análisis se basa en categorizar los comentarios en base a los
cinco tipos de pánico moral: preocupación, hostilidad, desproporcionalidad, consenso y
volatilidad, y también cuál de estas categorías registra la mayor cantidad de comentarios.
Asimismo, los comentarios generan respuestas entre usuarios, de modo que para el análisis
también se categoriza las interacciones en base a los cuatro tipos de amenaza intergrupal:
amenaza real, amenaza simbólica, ansiedad intergrupal y estereotipos
negativos. Posteriormente se realizó un análisis del discurso que permitió evidenciar si detrás
de la negativa de los usuarios a aceptar el enfoque de género se encuentran razones religiosas,
morales u otras. Si bien Facebook no representa el total de ciudadanos, ya que esta
plataforma requiere de acceso a internet y equipos tecnológicos, los cuales no están al alcance
de un gran grupo de personas en el país, sin embargo, sí ofrece una muestra significativa de
personas que permite saber por qué un grupo de ciudadanos se niega a la inclusión de un
enfoque transversal en la educación de alumnos y alumnas.
The present research analyzes the interaction of Facebook users with the publications issued by the Ministry of Education on the inclusion of the gender approach in the school curriculum in 2017 and 2018, to determine if this interaction matches the characteristics of the phenomenon known as online firestorm. This phenomenon is the expression of rejection and indignation in social media towards a person, company or group on social networks, however, it is usually based on opinions that do not necessarily show structured arguments. Since the comments express values and interests, the methodology of analysis is based on categorizing the comments according to the five types of moral panic: concern, hostility, disproportionality, consensus and volatility, and also which of these categories registers the most comments. Likewise, the comments generate responses among users, so that for the analysis, the interactions are also categorized based on the four types of intergroup threat: real threat, symbolic threat, intergroup anxiety, and negative stereotypes. Subsequently, a discourse analysis was carried out that made it possible to show whether there are religious, moral, or other reasons behind the users' refusal to accept the gender approach. Although Facebook does not represent the totality of citizens, as this platform requires internet access and technological equipment, which are not available to a large group of people in the country, it does, however, offer a significant sample of people that allows us to understand why a group of citizens are refusing to include a cross-cutting approach in the education of students.
The present research analyzes the interaction of Facebook users with the publications issued by the Ministry of Education on the inclusion of the gender approach in the school curriculum in 2017 and 2018, to determine if this interaction matches the characteristics of the phenomenon known as online firestorm. This phenomenon is the expression of rejection and indignation in social media towards a person, company or group on social networks, however, it is usually based on opinions that do not necessarily show structured arguments. Since the comments express values and interests, the methodology of analysis is based on categorizing the comments according to the five types of moral panic: concern, hostility, disproportionality, consensus and volatility, and also which of these categories registers the most comments. Likewise, the comments generate responses among users, so that for the analysis, the interactions are also categorized based on the four types of intergroup threat: real threat, symbolic threat, intergroup anxiety, and negative stereotypes. Subsequently, a discourse analysis was carried out that made it possible to show whether there are religious, moral, or other reasons behind the users' refusal to accept the gender approach. Although Facebook does not represent the totality of citizens, as this platform requires internet access and technological equipment, which are not available to a large group of people in the country, it does, however, offer a significant sample of people that allows us to understand why a group of citizens are refusing to include a cross-cutting approach in the education of students.
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Educación sexual--Perú, Perspectiva de género, Miedo--Aspectos sociales, Redes sociales en línea, Análisis del discurso--Aspectos sociales
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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