Perfil de la Fluidez del habla en estudiantes de 7 a 9 años de Instituciones Educativas Públicas y privadas de La Victoria y El Callao, 2016
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar si existen diferencias en el perfil de la
fluidez del habla según género, edad y gestión educativa en los estudiantes entre 7 a 9 años
de dos instituciones educativas públicas y privadas de La Victoria y del Callao. Asimismo,
se busca establecer los parámetros de normalidad en personas fluentes en estos rangos de
edades para la práctica clínica. El tipo de estudio es no experimental y de diseño
transversal, descriptivo comparativo. Participaron 96 estudiantes fluentes en los rangos de
edad entre 7:0– 7:11; 8:0; 8:11 y 9:0 – 9:11. Cada grupo estuvo formado por 8 niños (4
niños y 4 niñas). Para determinar el perfil de la fluidez del habla se analizó el habla
espontánea con el protocolo de Andrade (2006). Los resultados confirmaron parcialmente
la hipótesis general, ya que se encontraron únicamente diferencias significativas en la
tipología de disfluencias según el género, siendo los estudiantes del género masculino los
que obtuvieron mayores promedios en disfluencias comunes donde la repetición de
palabras, repetición de frases, revisiones y vacilaciones fueron las de mayor frecuencia. En
cuanto a la velocidad del habla según la edad, el grupo de 9 años alcanzó 95,05 en palabras
por minuto y 186,11 en sílabas por minutos, siendo las medias más altas con respecto a los
otros grupos. Respecto a la frecuencia de rupturas según el tipo de gestión, los estudiantes
de instituciones educativas públicas obtuvieron mayores promedios presentando 4,28% en
discontinuidad del habla y 0,78% en disfluencias tartamudeadas representando una
diferencia significativa con respecto a los estudiantes de instituciones educativas privadas.
Una de las conclusiones de esta investigación es, continuar realizando estudios de tipo
comparativo sobre la fluidez del habla en diferentes rangos de edades, género, tipo de
gestión educativa en las diversas poblaciones del Perú.
The objective of this study was to investigate if there are differences in the speech fluency profile according to gender, age and educational management in students between 7 and 9 years old from two public and private educational institutions of La Victoria and Callao. Likewise, the aim is to establish the parameters of normality in people fluent in these age ranges for clinical practice. The type of study is nonexperimental and of transversal design, descriptive comparative. 96 fluent students participated in the age ranges between 7: 0 - 7:11; 8: 0; 8:11 and 9: 0 - 9:11. Each group consisted of 8 children (4 boys and 4 girls). To determine the speech fluency profile, spontaneous speech was analyzed with the Andrade protocol (2006). The results partially confirmed the general hypothesis, since only significant differences were found in the typology of disfluencies according to gender, being male students those who obtained higher average in common dysfluences where the repetition of words, repetition of sentences, revisions and hesitations were the most frequent. Regarding the speed of speech according to age, the group of 9 years reached 95.05 in words per minute and 186.11 in syllables per minute, with the highest averages with respect to the other groups. Regarding the frequency of breaks according to the type of management, students of public educational institutions obtained higher averages presenting 4.28% in speech discontinuity and 0.78% in stuttering dysfluences representing a significant difference with respect to students in private schools. One of the conclutions of this research is to continue carrying out comparative studies on the fluency of speech in different age ranges, gender, type of educational management in the different populations of Peru.
The objective of this study was to investigate if there are differences in the speech fluency profile according to gender, age and educational management in students between 7 and 9 years old from two public and private educational institutions of La Victoria and Callao. Likewise, the aim is to establish the parameters of normality in people fluent in these age ranges for clinical practice. The type of study is nonexperimental and of transversal design, descriptive comparative. 96 fluent students participated in the age ranges between 7: 0 - 7:11; 8: 0; 8:11 and 9: 0 - 9:11. Each group consisted of 8 children (4 boys and 4 girls). To determine the speech fluency profile, spontaneous speech was analyzed with the Andrade protocol (2006). The results partially confirmed the general hypothesis, since only significant differences were found in the typology of disfluencies according to gender, being male students those who obtained higher average in common dysfluences where the repetition of words, repetition of sentences, revisions and hesitations were the most frequent. Regarding the speed of speech according to age, the group of 9 years reached 95.05 in words per minute and 186.11 in syllables per minute, with the highest averages with respect to the other groups. Regarding the frequency of breaks according to the type of management, students of public educational institutions obtained higher averages presenting 4.28% in speech discontinuity and 0.78% in stuttering dysfluences representing a significant difference with respect to students in private schools. One of the conclutions of this research is to continue carrying out comparative studies on the fluency of speech in different age ranges, gender, type of educational management in the different populations of Peru.
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Fonoaudiología, Niños--Lenguaje, Habla--Aspectos fisiológicos
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