Percepciones y prácticas de los docentes en relación a los niveles de participación infantil en aulas de 4 y 5 años de una institución educativa pública del distrito de Pueblo Libre
Date
2020-07-07
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La tesis tiene como objetivo general analizar las percepciones y prácticas de los docentes
en relación a los niveles de participación de los niños de 4 y 5 años de una institución
educativa pública de Pueblo Libre; mientras que los objetivos específicos son: (i) Describir
las percepciones docentes en relación a los niveles de participación de los niños de 4 y 5
años de una institución educativa pública de Pueblo Libre y (ii) describir las prácticas
docentes en relación a los niveles de participación de los niños de 4 y 5 años de una
institución educativa pública de Pueblo Libre. El tema es relevante porque es necesario
conocer la manera en la que se desarrolla la participación infantil en determinados contextos
tales como las aulas de Educación Inicial, ya que además del hogar y la sociedad, la escuela
es uno de los escenarios fundamentales en el que los niños pueden desarrollar la
participación siendo el principal mediador el docente. Dicha investigación tiene un enfoque
cualitativo y utiliza como técnicas la observación y la entrevista. En cuanto a las
percepciones de las docentes, los resultados muestran que no tienen conocimientos
teóricos claros acerca de la participación infantil y sus niveles, pero sí la fomentan en su
práctica diaria. En relación a la práctica de los niveles de participación infantil, no se
encontró una direccionalidad hacia uno de ellos en particular, pero predominaron los niveles
de participación simple y consultiva. Asimismo, hay niveles que son omitidos en la práctica
de los docentes tales como la participación proyectiva y la meta. Asimismo, se encontró que
solo una docente propicia el nivel más avanzado que corresponde a la metaparticipación.
The thesis has as a general objective to analyze the perceptions and practices of teachers in relation to the levels of participation of children 4 and 5 years of a public educational institution of Pueblo Libre; while the specific objectives are: (i) Describe teacher perceptions in relation to the levels of participation of children of 4 and 5 years of a public educational institution in Pueblo Libre and (ii) describe teaching practices in relation to levels of participation of children of 4 and 5 years of a public educational institution of Pueblo Libre. The topic is relevant because it is necessary to know the way in which child participation is developed in certain contexts such as the Initial Education classrooms, since in addition to the home and society, the school is one of the fundamental scenarios in which children can develop participation by being the main mediator the teacher. This research has a qualitative approach and uses observation and interview as techniques. Regarding teachers' perceptions, the results show that they have no clear theoretical knowledge about child participation and their levels, but they encourage it in their daily practice. In relation to the practice of child participation levels, a directionality towards one of them was not found, but simple and consultative participation levels predominated. There are also levels that are omitted in the practice of teachers such as projective participation and the goal. Likewise, it was found that only one teacher fosters the most advanced level that corresponds to metaparticipation.
The thesis has as a general objective to analyze the perceptions and practices of teachers in relation to the levels of participation of children 4 and 5 years of a public educational institution of Pueblo Libre; while the specific objectives are: (i) Describe teacher perceptions in relation to the levels of participation of children of 4 and 5 years of a public educational institution in Pueblo Libre and (ii) describe teaching practices in relation to levels of participation of children of 4 and 5 years of a public educational institution of Pueblo Libre. The topic is relevant because it is necessary to know the way in which child participation is developed in certain contexts such as the Initial Education classrooms, since in addition to the home and society, the school is one of the fundamental scenarios in which children can develop participation by being the main mediator the teacher. This research has a qualitative approach and uses observation and interview as techniques. Regarding teachers' perceptions, the results show that they have no clear theoretical knowledge about child participation and their levels, but they encourage it in their daily practice. In relation to the practice of child participation levels, a directionality towards one of them was not found, but simple and consultative participation levels predominated. There are also levels that are omitted in the practice of teachers such as projective participation and the goal. Likewise, it was found that only one teacher fosters the most advanced level that corresponds to metaparticipation.
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Keywords
Educación preescolar--Perú--Pueblo Libre (Lima : Distrito), Personal docente--Capacitación, Educación pública--Perú--Pueblo Libre (Lima : Distrito), Educación de niños--Perú--Pueblo Libre (Lima : Distrito)
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