Relación entre el componente léxico semántico y el rendimiento académico en niños de 3° y 4° grado de nivel primaria de un colegio público del distrito de San Martín de Porres
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo establecer la relación que existe entre
el nivel del componente léxico semántico del lenguaje y el rendimiento académico
en las áreas de comunicación y matemáticas en niños de 3° y 4° grado de educación
primaria. Para ello se utilizó un diseño de estudio no experimental, de enfoque
cuantitativo y nivel correlacional, siendo una investigación de tipo básica. Para su
realización se tomó como muestra a 71 niños, entre 8 y 10 años de edad, tanto del
sexo masculino como femenino, provenientes de una Institución Educativa Estatal
del distrito de San Martín de Porres. Para este estudio se utilizaron tres pruebas, las
que nos permitieron medir el nivel del componente Léxico Semántico que tenían
los evaluados, siendo aplicados el Test de Vocabulario en Imágenes PEABODY, el
Test Illinois de Aptitudes Psicolingüísticas ITPA y el Test de Figura Palabra de
Vocabulario Expresivo de Gardner; además se consideraron los niveles de logro
obtenidos por los participantes en los cursos de comunicación y matemáticas
durante su desarrollo académico regular. Los resultados descriptivos mostraron
niveles bajos o por debajo del promedio en el nivel léxico semántico del lenguaje y
un nivel de logro dentro de los esperado, equivalente a nota A, en el rendimiento
académico. Así mismo, se pudo concluir que no existe relación entre el rendimiento
escolar y el componente léxico semántico en conjunto, sin embargo, se una relación
sólo con el componente léxico comprensivo y rendimiento académico en el área de
comunicación.
The objective of this research is to establish the relationship between the level of the semantic lexical component of language and academic performance in the areas of communication and mathematics in children in 3rd and 4th grade of elementary school. For this purpose, a non-experimental study design was used, with a quantitative approach and correlational level, being a basic type of research. A sample of 71 children between 8 and 10 years of age, both male and female, from a State Educational Institution in the district of San Martin de Porres was taken as a sample. Three tests were used for this study, which allowed us to measure the level of the Semantic Lexical component that the evaluated children had, being applied the Picture Vocabulary Test PEABODY, the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Aptitudes ITPA and the Gardner Expressive Vocabulary Word Figure Test; in addition, the levels of achievement obtained by the participants in the communication and mathematics courses during their regular academic development were considered. The descriptive results showed low or below average levels in the lexical semantic level of language and a level of achievement within the expected, equivalent to grade A, in academic performance. Likewise, it was possible to conclude that there is no relationship between school performance and the lexical semantic component as a whole, however, there is a relationship only with the lexical component of the semantic lexicon.
The objective of this research is to establish the relationship between the level of the semantic lexical component of language and academic performance in the areas of communication and mathematics in children in 3rd and 4th grade of elementary school. For this purpose, a non-experimental study design was used, with a quantitative approach and correlational level, being a basic type of research. A sample of 71 children between 8 and 10 years of age, both male and female, from a State Educational Institution in the district of San Martin de Porres was taken as a sample. Three tests were used for this study, which allowed us to measure the level of the Semantic Lexical component that the evaluated children had, being applied the Picture Vocabulary Test PEABODY, the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Aptitudes ITPA and the Gardner Expressive Vocabulary Word Figure Test; in addition, the levels of achievement obtained by the participants in the communication and mathematics courses during their regular academic development were considered. The descriptive results showed low or below average levels in the lexical semantic level of language and a level of achievement within the expected, equivalent to grade A, in academic performance. Likewise, it was possible to conclude that there is no relationship between school performance and the lexical semantic component as a whole, however, there is a relationship only with the lexical component of the semantic lexicon.
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Palabras clave
Rendimiento académico--Evaluación, Mediciones y pruebas educativas, Niños--Lenguaje, Educación primaria--Investigaciones
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