Diseño del algoritmo de control del sistema de enfriamiento de motores eléctricos AC de tracción aplicados a camiones mineros de acarreo de 372 toneladas
Fecha
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
En la presente investigación se propone determinar la viabilidad de bajar la potencia de
los equipos de 4000hp a 3700hp con la finalidad de conseguir disminuir el consumo de
combustible durante la operación de acarreo superficial de camiones mineros de 372 Toneladas
métricas; esta variación en la potencia del motor de combustión afecta el sistema de
enfriamiento por ventilador de los motores eléctricos de tracción; en ese sentido se hace
necesario buscar un algoritmo de control capaz de mantener un desempeño óptimo de dicho
sistema de enfriamiento bajo este nuevo régimen de trabajo.
Para encontrar este nuevo algoritmo de control se partió por el modelamiento del sistema
de enfriamiento, para ello se recolectó información de la máquina operando en condiciones
reales, donde luego del análisis, se requirió seccionar dicha información según los diversos
modos de trabajo u operación del equipo; pues el comportamiento observado en especial la
temperatura del devanado de los motores presenta grandes diferencias; con los datos obtenidos
se usó algoritmos de identificación de sistemas, los cuales permitieron obtener los modelos
matemáticos para cada modo de operación; modelos que luego fueron validados con
información operativa del equipo.
Una vez obtenidos los modelos para cada modo de operación se inició el diseño, o
sintonización de controladores PID, donde luego de recurrir tanto a las herramientas clásicas de
sintonización, como los algoritmos de sintonización automática se logró obtener las ganancias
del controlador PID para cada modo de operación. Una vez validados dichos controladores
mediante la simulación de estos se procedió a integrarlos mediante un algoritmo de control de
ganancia programada (gain scheduling).
Así pues, las simulaciones demostraron que si es posible optimizar la operación y por
ende el consumo de combustible de estos equipos asegurando la capacidad de enfriamiento de
sus motores de tracción.
In this research, it is proposed to determine the feasibility of lowering the power of the equipment from 4000hp to 3700hp in order to reduce fuel consumption during the surface hauling operation of mining trucks of 372 metric tons; this variation in the power of the combustion engine affects the fan cooling system of the electric traction motors; in this sense, it is necessary to find a control algorithm capable of maintaining optimal performance of said cooling system under this new work regime. To find this new control algorithm, we started by modeling the cooling system, for which we collected information from the equipment operating in real conditions, where after the analysis, it was necessary to section said information according to the various working or operating modes of the equipment; since the behavior observed, especially the temperature of the motor winding, presents great differences. With the data obtained, system identification algorithms were used, which allowed us to obtain the mathematical models for each operating mode; models that were then validated with operational information from the equipment. Once the models for each mode of operation were obtained, the design or tuning of PID controllers began, where after resorting to both classical tuning tools and automatic tuning algorithms, the gains of the PID controller for each mode of operation were obtained. Once these controllers were validated by simulation, they were integrated using a gain scheduling control algorithm. Thus, the simulations demonstrated that it is possible to optimize the operation and therefore the fuel consumption of these equipment while ensuring the cooling capacity of their traction motors.
In this research, it is proposed to determine the feasibility of lowering the power of the equipment from 4000hp to 3700hp in order to reduce fuel consumption during the surface hauling operation of mining trucks of 372 metric tons; this variation in the power of the combustion engine affects the fan cooling system of the electric traction motors; in this sense, it is necessary to find a control algorithm capable of maintaining optimal performance of said cooling system under this new work regime. To find this new control algorithm, we started by modeling the cooling system, for which we collected information from the equipment operating in real conditions, where after the analysis, it was necessary to section said information according to the various working or operating modes of the equipment; since the behavior observed, especially the temperature of the motor winding, presents great differences. With the data obtained, system identification algorithms were used, which allowed us to obtain the mathematical models for each operating mode; models that were then validated with operational information from the equipment. Once the models for each mode of operation were obtained, the design or tuning of PID controllers began, where after resorting to both classical tuning tools and automatic tuning algorithms, the gains of the PID controller for each mode of operation were obtained. Once these controllers were validated by simulation, they were integrated using a gain scheduling control algorithm. Thus, the simulations demonstrated that it is possible to optimize the operation and therefore the fuel consumption of these equipment while ensuring the cooling capacity of their traction motors.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Motores eléctricos, Control electrónico, Maquinaria minera
Citación
Colecciones
item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
Licencia Creative Commons
Excepto donde se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
