Informe jurídico sobre la Casación N° 22296-2022 ICA
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El presente informe jurídico tiene como fin realizar un análisis de lo resuelto por
la Corte Suprema en la Casación Laboral N° 22296-2022 ICA, a través de la cual
se determinó que el empleador habría incumplido su deber de prevención al no
asegurarse que su trabajador contara con licencia de conducir, considerando
este deber como una obligación de resultados, y basándose en el criterio
establecido en la Casación Laboral N° 4258-2016 LIMA (doctrina jurisprudencial
de obligatorio cumplimiento), establece que el artículo 53° de la Ley N° 29783 se
rige por una responsabilidad objetiva. Si bien concuerdo con la Corte respecto a
que el empleador incumplió su deber de prevención y su actuar no fue diligente,
no coincido en que la responsabilidad que debe aplicarse en materia de
accidentes de trabajo es la objetiva. Asimismo, considero que debió analizarse
si el trabajador tuvo participación en la generación del evento dañoso. En base
a lo anterior, en esta investigación se analiza cuál es el tipo de responsabilidad
que debe regir en el marco de accidentes de trabajo, la conducta culposa del
trabajador como coadyuvante de la generación del daño y la aplicación de la
concausa.
The purpose of this legal report is to make an analysis of what was decided by the Supreme Court in the Labour Cassation N° 22296-2022 ICA, through which it was determined that the employer had failed to fulfil its duty of prevention by not ensuring that its employee had a driving license, considering this duty as an obligation of results, and based on the criterion established in Labour Cassation N° 4258-2016 LIMA (doctrine of mandatory compliance), establishes that article 53° of Law N° 29783 is governed by an objective responsibility. While I agree with the Court that the epmployer failed in its duty of prevention and did not act diligently, I do not agree that the liability to be applied in matters of work accidents is objective. I also consider that it should have been analyzed whether the worker participated in the generation of the harmful event. Based on the above, this research analyzes what is the type of responsibility that should govern in the context of accidents at work, the wrongful conduct of the worker as a contributor to the generation of damage and the application of the co-cause.
The purpose of this legal report is to make an analysis of what was decided by the Supreme Court in the Labour Cassation N° 22296-2022 ICA, through which it was determined that the employer had failed to fulfil its duty of prevention by not ensuring that its employee had a driving license, considering this duty as an obligation of results, and based on the criterion established in Labour Cassation N° 4258-2016 LIMA (doctrine of mandatory compliance), establishes that article 53° of Law N° 29783 is governed by an objective responsibility. While I agree with the Court that the epmployer failed in its duty of prevention and did not act diligently, I do not agree that the liability to be applied in matters of work accidents is objective. I also consider that it should have been analyzed whether the worker participated in the generation of the harmful event. Based on the above, this research analyzes what is the type of responsibility that should govern in the context of accidents at work, the wrongful conduct of the worker as a contributor to the generation of damage and the application of the co-cause.
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Perú. Corte Suprema de Justicia--Jurisprudencia--Ica, Recurso de casación--Jurisprudencia--Perú--Ica, Accidentes de trabajo--Legislación--Perú, Salud ocupacional--Legislación--Perú, Seguridad en el empleo--Legislación--Perú
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