Efectos de la pandemia en el desarrollo del lenguaje oral en los niños de 5 años de dos instituciones educativas pública y privada del distrito La Unión - Piura
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La presente investigación se realizó con el objetivo de determinar y comprar el nivel de lenguaje
oral en niños de 5 años de dos instituciones educativas: pública y privada, en un contexto post
pandemia. Para la obtención de resultados se aplicó el test PLON-R, como prueba individualizada
a 60 niños y niñas del distrito de la Unión – Piura. Para el procesamiento de datos se utilizó a
prueba U de Mann Whitney. Los resultados fueron bastantes significativos, evidenciándose
grandes dificultades en los niños de 5 años de ambas instituciones ubicándolos en un criterio de
retraso, según la prueba aplicada. Así mismo, se encontraron, diferencias significativas favorables
para la Institución educativa privada, al obtener un mejor porcentaje de resultados que lo ubican
en un criterio de retraso. A partir de estos resultados, se logró evidenciar que, en los primeros
años de vida, el factor ambiental en el que, se realizan las interacciones sociales con la familia,
sus pares y adultos es sumamente significativo y transcendental para el desarrollo del lenguaje
oral. Así mismo, resaltamos la importancia de la prevención y detección de dificultades en el
lenguaje, teniendo en cuenta que los niños evaluados pasarán a una nueva etapa escolar, en la cual
el lenguaje oral es la base estructural para la iniciación a la lectoescritura.
The present investigation was carried out with the objective of determining and comparing the level of oral language in 5-year-old children from two educational institutions: public and private, in a post-pandemic context. To obtain results, the PLON-R test was applied as an individualized test to 60 boys and girls from the Unión – Piura district. The Mann Whitney U test was used for data processing. The results were quite significant, showing great difficulties in children 5 from both institutions, placing them in a delay criterion, according to the test applied. Likewise, significant favorable differences were found for a private educational institution, obtaining a better percentage of results that place it in a delay criterion. From these results, it was possible to show that, in the first years of life, the environmental factor in which social interactions are carried out with the family, peers, and adults is extremely significant and transcendental for the development of oral language. Likewise, we highlight the importance of prevention and detection of language difficulties, taking into account that the children evaluated will move on to a new school stage, in which oral language is the structural basis for the initiation to reading and writing.
The present investigation was carried out with the objective of determining and comparing the level of oral language in 5-year-old children from two educational institutions: public and private, in a post-pandemic context. To obtain results, the PLON-R test was applied as an individualized test to 60 boys and girls from the Unión – Piura district. The Mann Whitney U test was used for data processing. The results were quite significant, showing great difficulties in children 5 from both institutions, placing them in a delay criterion, according to the test applied. Likewise, significant favorable differences were found for a private educational institution, obtaining a better percentage of results that place it in a delay criterion. From these results, it was possible to show that, in the first years of life, the environmental factor in which social interactions are carried out with the family, peers, and adults is extremely significant and transcendental for the development of oral language. Likewise, we highlight the importance of prevention and detection of language difficulties, taking into account that the children evaluated will move on to a new school stage, in which oral language is the structural basis for the initiation to reading and writing.
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Niños--Lenguaje--Perú--Unión (Piura : Distrito)--Pruebas, Adquisición del lenguaje--Perú--Unión (Piura : Distrito), Comunicación oral--Perú--Unión (Piura : Distrito), Escuelas públicas--Perú--Unión (Piura : Distrito), Escuelas privadas--Perú--Unión (Piura : Distrito), Pandemia de COVID-19, 2020- --Aspectos sociales--Perú--Unión (Piura : Distrito)
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