Entre rituales y memorias: Las prácticas de comunicación en el quehacer religioso de los Misioneros Laicos de Cristo y María
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La presente investigación estudia el caso del movimiento religioso Misioneros Laicos de Cristo
y María (MLCM), conformado, en su mayoría, por migrantes andinos, que mediante fiestas
espirituales y jornadas de evangelización buscan transmitir la “Palabra de Dios” a zonas
periurbanas de la capital. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar cómo y desde qué
intención comunicativa se construye su proceso de interacción social, para lo cual se toma el
enfoque dramatúrgico de Erving Goffman, especialmente el acontecimiento teatral que abarca
actores, roles, mensajes y el escenario o “fachada” —que comprende el lugar, la apariencia y
el comportamiento—. Al ser una tesis exploratoria-explicativa se emplea el enfoque
cualitativo, y se utiliza el método etnográfico con técnicas de observación participante de sus
actividades y entrevistas a profundidad de los integrantes del movimiento.
En los hallazgos se encuentra que los roles que adoptan los actores no son estáticos, pues en el
contexto de su participación en el movimiento religioso resignifican su identidad de migrante
y al mismo tiempo la reivindican. De este modo, construyen un proceso de comunicación
intercultural incorporando códigos y expresiones del quechua, su lengua materna, en sus
prácticas religiosas. Se concluye que el caso muestra una religiosidad más asequible, en donde
el espacio no religioso se sacraliza y, al mismo tiempo, sus prácticas religiosas son
secularizadas. Todo ello ha permitido que los actores potencien su agencia, resignifiquen su
identidad, desarrollen sus habilidades personales y fortalezcan su sentido de comunidad, lo cual
repercute en un incremento de su capital social.
This research studies the case of the religious movement called Misioneros Laicos de Cristo y María (MLCM), formed by and Andean migrants, who seek to transmit the Word of God to peri-urban areas of the capital through spiritual feasts and evangelization days. The objective of this research is to determine how and from what communicative intention the process of social interaction is constructed and for this purpose Goffman's dramaturgical theory is used, especially the theatrical performance that involves the actors, the roles, the messages and the stage or “front” that includes the place, the appearance and behavior they assume. As this is an exploratory-explanatory thesis, the qualitative approach is used by applying the ethnographic method with techniques of participant observation, as well as in-depth interviews with the members of the movement. The findings show that the roles they take are not static, since in the context of their participation in the religious movement, they re-signify their identity as migrants, while at the same time they vindicate it. In this way, they build a process of intercultural communication by incorporating codes and expressions of Quechua, their native language, into their religious practices. It is concluded that the case shows a more accessible religiosity, where the nonreligious space is sacralized and, at the same time, its religious practices are secularized. All this has allowed the actors to enhance their agency, re-signify their identity, develop their personal skills, and strengthen their sense of community, which results in an increase in their social capital.
This research studies the case of the religious movement called Misioneros Laicos de Cristo y María (MLCM), formed by and Andean migrants, who seek to transmit the Word of God to peri-urban areas of the capital through spiritual feasts and evangelization days. The objective of this research is to determine how and from what communicative intention the process of social interaction is constructed and for this purpose Goffman's dramaturgical theory is used, especially the theatrical performance that involves the actors, the roles, the messages and the stage or “front” that includes the place, the appearance and behavior they assume. As this is an exploratory-explanatory thesis, the qualitative approach is used by applying the ethnographic method with techniques of participant observation, as well as in-depth interviews with the members of the movement. The findings show that the roles they take are not static, since in the context of their participation in the religious movement, they re-signify their identity as migrants, while at the same time they vindicate it. In this way, they build a process of intercultural communication by incorporating codes and expressions of Quechua, their native language, into their religious practices. It is concluded that the case shows a more accessible religiosity, where the nonreligious space is sacralized and, at the same time, its religious practices are secularized. All this has allowed the actors to enhance their agency, re-signify their identity, develop their personal skills, and strengthen their sense of community, which results in an increase in their social capital.
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Comunicación intercultural, Identidad cultural, Migrantes--Perú--Lima, Religiosidad popular--Perú--Lima, Interacción social
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