Percepciones sobre el uso pedagógico de la Inteligencia artificial en el desempeño creativo de estudiantes de publicidad en una universidad privada de Lima
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las percepciones de los estudiantes
de publicidad sobre el uso pedagógico de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en su
desempeño creativo en una universidad de Lima. La categoría central del estudio
es la inteligencia artificial, entendida desde la apropiación y mediación pedagógica
de herramientas generativas como ChatGPT en los procesos académicos creativos.
El estudio se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo, utilizando entrevistas
semiestructuradas como técnica principal de recolección de datos. Se entrevistó a
seis estudiantes del último año de la carrera de Publicidad, seleccionados por su
experiencia vivida en cursos que promovieron en el uso de IA en la producción
creativa. El análisis se fundamentó en la Teoría de la Actividad (Engeström, 2014),
lo que determinó interpretar las percepciones estudiantiles desde cuatro
subcategorías: apropiación creativa, mediación de ChatGPT, cultura de uso y
conflictos del sistema. Los hallazgos revelan percepciones diversas, algunas
estudiantes reconocen que ChatGPT favorece la generación de ideas, la
organización del contenido y el estímulo inicial para la creación, mientras otros
expresan tensiones como la dependencia, la pérdida de originalidad o las dudas
sobre la autoría. Esta investigación concluye que los estudiantes de publicidad
experimentan una integración ambivalente de la inteligencia artificial en su
formación creativa percibiéndola tanto como una oportunidad como un desafío.
Estas percepciones brindan insumos valiosos para reflexionar sobre estrategias
pedagógicas pertinentes, éticas y efectivas en el uso de IA en entornos educativos
que valoran la creatividad, la autonomía y la innovación.
This research aims to analyze the perceptions of advertising students regarding the pedagogical use of artificial intelligence (AI) in their creative performance at a university in Lima. The central category of the study is artificial intelligence, understood through the pedagogical appropriation and mediation of generative tools such as ChatGPT in creative academic processes. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach, with semi-structured interviews as the main data collection technique. Six final-year Advertising students were interviewed, selected for their lived experience in courses that promoted the use of AI in creative production. The analysis was based on Activity Theory (Engeström, 2014), which guided the interpretation of student perceptions across four subcategories: creative appropriation, ChatGPT mediation, culture of use, and system conflicts. The findings reveal diverse perceptions. Some students recognize that ChatGPT supports idea generation, content organization, and provides an initial stimulus for creation, while others express concerns such as dependency, loss of originality, or doubts about authorship. This research concludes that advertising students experience an ambivalent integration of artificial intelligence into their creative education, perceiving it both as an opportunity and a challenge. These perceptions offer valuable input for reflecting on relevant, ethical, and effective pedagogical strategies for the use of AI in educational settings that value creativity, autonomy, and innovation.
This research aims to analyze the perceptions of advertising students regarding the pedagogical use of artificial intelligence (AI) in their creative performance at a university in Lima. The central category of the study is artificial intelligence, understood through the pedagogical appropriation and mediation of generative tools such as ChatGPT in creative academic processes. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach, with semi-structured interviews as the main data collection technique. Six final-year Advertising students were interviewed, selected for their lived experience in courses that promoted the use of AI in creative production. The analysis was based on Activity Theory (Engeström, 2014), which guided the interpretation of student perceptions across four subcategories: creative appropriation, ChatGPT mediation, culture of use, and system conflicts. The findings reveal diverse perceptions. Some students recognize that ChatGPT supports idea generation, content organization, and provides an initial stimulus for creation, while others express concerns such as dependency, loss of originality, or doubts about authorship. This research concludes that advertising students experience an ambivalent integration of artificial intelligence into their creative education, perceiving it both as an opportunity and a challenge. These perceptions offer valuable input for reflecting on relevant, ethical, and effective pedagogical strategies for the use of AI in educational settings that value creativity, autonomy, and innovation.
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Palabras clave
Innovaciones educativas--Perú, Creatividad, Inteligencia artificial--Aplicaciones en educación
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