La derecha peruana en la estrategia internacional del partido español VOX (Iberosfera) en América Latina (2019-2023)
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
En un contexto internacional de contestación a la globalización por parte de
movimientos de derecha y ultraderecha, el partido español VOX ha articulado un
proyecto político transnacional denominado la Iberosfera. Tratándose de una red
partidista transnacional en formación e inscrita dentro de lo que se conoce como el
nuevo internacionalismo reaccionario, la Iberosfera ha buscado promover alianzas
políticas en América Latina. En este sentido, la presente investigación analiza la
participación del Perú, a través del acercamiento entre la derecha peruana y VOX,
como parte de la estrategia del partido español de proyección internacional entre 2019
y 2023. Para dicho fin, se propone que este acercamiento se ha construido sobre la
base de tres aspectos: una afinidad ideológica en la lucha contra el 'comunismo
internacional'; la relectura del legado histórico de España en el Perú como reacción a
la politización de lo indígena durante el gobierno de Pedro Castillo; y un entorno
político favorable que legitima la estrategia de VOX al presentar al Perú como un caso
exitoso en la lucha contra el comunismo internacional. De esta forma se concluye que
las bases ideológica, histórica y política facilitaron un acercamiento estratégico entre
la derecha peruana y la Iberosfera, con un evidente beneficio mutuo. Mientras que la
derecha peruana consiguió apoyo internacional en un momento complejo para sus
intereses, la Iberosfera consolidó sus redes transnacionales, fortaleciendo su
presencia en América Latina.
In an international context of contestation against globalization by right-wing and far-right movements, the Spanish party VOX has articulated a transnational political project known as the “Iberosfera”. As a transnational partisan network in formation and aligned with what is referred to as the new reactionary internationalism, the Iberosfera has sought to promote political alliances in Latin America. In this context, this research analyzes Peru's involvement through the rapprochement between the Peruvian rightwing and VOX, as part of the Spanish party's international projection strategy between 2019 and 2023. It is proposed that this rapprochement has been built on three key aspects: an ideological affinity in the fight against 'international communism'; a historical reinterpretation of Spain’s legacy in Peru in response to the politicization of indigenous matters during the government of Pedro Castillo; and a favorable political environment that legitimized VOX's strategy by presenting Peru as a successful case in the fight against international communism. The conclusion is that these ideological, historical, and political factors facilitated a strategic rapprochement between the Peruvian right and the Iberosfera, with clear mutual benefits. While the Peruvian right gained international support during a critical period, the Iberosphere consolidated its transnational networks, strengthening its presence in Latin America.
In an international context of contestation against globalization by right-wing and far-right movements, the Spanish party VOX has articulated a transnational political project known as the “Iberosfera”. As a transnational partisan network in formation and aligned with what is referred to as the new reactionary internationalism, the Iberosfera has sought to promote political alliances in Latin America. In this context, this research analyzes Peru's involvement through the rapprochement between the Peruvian rightwing and VOX, as part of the Spanish party's international projection strategy between 2019 and 2023. It is proposed that this rapprochement has been built on three key aspects: an ideological affinity in the fight against 'international communism'; a historical reinterpretation of Spain’s legacy in Peru in response to the politicization of indigenous matters during the government of Pedro Castillo; and a favorable political environment that legitimized VOX's strategy by presenting Peru as a successful case in the fight against international communism. The conclusion is that these ideological, historical, and political factors facilitated a strategic rapprochement between the Peruvian right and the Iberosfera, with clear mutual benefits. While the Peruvian right gained international support during a critical period, the Iberosphere consolidated its transnational networks, strengthening its presence in Latin America.
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Derecha e izquierda (Ciencia política)--España, Extrema derecha--Perú--Siglo XXI, Partidos políticos--España--Siglo XXI, Perú--Política y gobierno--Siglo XXI
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