Perfil docente frente a estudiantes con Necesidades Educativas Especiales en el proceso de aprendizaje de segundo grado de primaria de una institución privada en Lima
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La presente investigación explora el rol del docente frente a estudiantes con
Necesidades Educativas Especiales (NEE), actualmente denominado como atención
a la diversidad, a estudiantes neurodivergentes con discapacidad o condición.
Analizando cómo las características docentes, actitudes y estrategias influyen en la
creación de ambientes inclusivos en segundo grado de primaria. El estudio es de
enfoque cualitativo y de tipo descriptivo, el cual identifica cualidades necesarias para
un perfil docente inclusivo y describe las estrategias pedagógicas diseñadas para
atender la diversidad en el aula. Para responder al problema: ¿Cuál es el perfil del
docente frente a estudiantes con Necesidades Educativas Especiales en el proceso
de aprendizaje de segundo grado de primaria de una institución privada en Lima? Los
hallazgos revelan que los docentes observados poseen cualidades positivas como el
compromiso y la creatividad, utilizando recursos como actividades manuales, trabajo
en equipo y retroalimentación positiva para promover la participación de los
estudiantes con NEE. Sin embargo, se identificaron limitaciones en el conocimiento
sobre estrategias como el Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje (DUA), y en la
aplicación de adaptaciones curriculares específicas. Aquello evidencia la necesidad
de una capacitación especializada y el fortalecimiento de apoyos institucionales que
respalden el trabajo docente. Entre los aportes se destaca la importancia de
desarrollar políticas públicas que fomenten la formación continua de los docentes en
educación inclusiva y atención a la diversidad. Asimismo, resalta el valor de la
colaboración entre las familias y las escuelas como un factor clave para lograr una
educación verdaderamente inclusiva.
This research explores the role of the teacher in relation to students with Special Educational Needs (SEN), currently called attention to diversity, to neurodivergent students with disabilities or conditions. Analyzing how teacher characteristics, attitudes and strategies influence the creation of inclusive environments in the second grade of primary school. The study has a qualitative and descriptive approach, which identifies qualities necessary for an inclusive teacher profile and describes the pedagogical strategies designed to address diversity in the classroom. To answer the problem: What is the profile of the teacher in relation to students with Special Educational Needs in the learning process of the second grade of primary school in a private institution in Lima? The findings reveal that the teachers observed have positive qualities such as commitment and creativity, using resources such as manual activities, teamwork and positive feedback to promote the participation of students with SEN. However, limitations were identified in the knowledge about strategies such as Universal Design for Learning (UDL), and in the application of specific curricular adaptations. This highlights the need for specialized training and the strengthening of institutional support to support the work of teachers. Among the contributions, the importance of developing public policies that promote the continuous training of teachers in inclusive education and attention to diversity is highlighted. It also highlights the value of collaboration between families and schools as a key factor in achieving truly inclusive education.
This research explores the role of the teacher in relation to students with Special Educational Needs (SEN), currently called attention to diversity, to neurodivergent students with disabilities or conditions. Analyzing how teacher characteristics, attitudes and strategies influence the creation of inclusive environments in the second grade of primary school. The study has a qualitative and descriptive approach, which identifies qualities necessary for an inclusive teacher profile and describes the pedagogical strategies designed to address diversity in the classroom. To answer the problem: What is the profile of the teacher in relation to students with Special Educational Needs in the learning process of the second grade of primary school in a private institution in Lima? The findings reveal that the teachers observed have positive qualities such as commitment and creativity, using resources such as manual activities, teamwork and positive feedback to promote the participation of students with SEN. However, limitations were identified in the knowledge about strategies such as Universal Design for Learning (UDL), and in the application of specific curricular adaptations. This highlights the need for specialized training and the strengthening of institutional support to support the work of teachers. Among the contributions, the importance of developing public policies that promote the continuous training of teachers in inclusive education and attention to diversity is highlighted. It also highlights the value of collaboration between families and schools as a key factor in achieving truly inclusive education.
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Maestros--Actitudes--Perú--Lima, Educación especial--Perú--Lima, Educación inclusiva--Perú--Lima, Estrategias de aprendizaje--Perú--Lima, Educación primaria--Perú--Lima, Escuelas privadas--Perú--Lima
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