Percepciones docentes sobre estrategias para incluir a niños con Trastorno de Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad en una Institución Educativa de Santiago de Surco
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
En la actualidad, el TDAH (Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad) en niños
en las escuelas es un tema relevante. Las estrategias educativas suelen incluir
adaptaciones en el aula, apoyo individualizado, y enfoques pedagógicos que atiendan
las necesidades específicas de los niños con TDAH. Además, se busca fomentar la
comprensión y empatía entre maestros, compañeros de clase y padres para crear un
entorno de aprendizaje inclusivo y efectivo. Es por ello, que el objetivo general de la
presente investigación es analizar las percepciones docentes sobre las estrategias
para incluir a niños con TDAH en una institución educativa privada del distrito de
Santiago de Surco. De igual forma, la presente tesis cuenta con dos objetivos
específicos: por un lado, describir las percepciones de las docentes sobre el Trastorno
de Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad en niños del nivel inicial y por otro lado,
describir las estrategias para incluir a niños con Trastorno de Déficit de Atención e
Hiperactividad en el aula. Esta investigación es de enfoque cualitativo y de tipo
descriptiva que utiliza técnicas de recolección de información como entrevista
semiestructurada para luego proceder a analizar la información utilizando la técnica
de triangulación. El trabajo de investigación permite analizar las percepciones de las
docentes sobre las estrategias para incluir a niños con TDAH en un aula de acuerdo
a sus características. A partir de ello, se encontró que las docentes entrevistadas
poseen conocimientos generales sobre el TDAH, especialmente sobre sus
características principales: inatención, hiperactividad e impulsividad, aunque no
identifican con claridad su definición ni tratamiento. Su comprensión se basa en la
experiencia adquirida en el aula y en el apoyo de psicólogos escolares, padres y
estudiantes. Finalmente, se identifica que se aplican diversas estrategias para atender
a los niños con TDAH, algunas planificadas y otras espontáneas, según el
comportamiento del niño. Reconocen la importancia de realizar evaluaciones
psicológicas en la institución para mejorar sus prácticas y destacan el valor del trabajo
colaborativo entre familia, docentes y el departamento de psicología.
Currently, ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) in children at schools is a relevant topic. Educational strategies often include classroom adaptations, individualized support, and teaching approaches that address the specific needs of children with ADHD. Additionally, efforts are made to promote understanding and empathy among teachers, classmates, and parents to create an inclusive and effective learning environment. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to analyze teachers’ perceptions regarding strategies for including children with ADHD in a private educational institution in the district of Santiago de Surco. Likewise, this thesis has two specific objectives: on the one hand, to describe teachers’ perceptions of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in early childhood education, and on the other hand, to describe the strategies used to include children with ADHD in the classroom. This research follows a qualitative and descriptive approach, using data collection techniques such as semi-structured interviews, and the information is analyzed using the triangulation technique. The research aims to analyze teachers’ perceptions of the strategies used to include children with ADHD in the classroom based on their characteristics. From the findings, it was observed that the interviewed teachers possess general knowledge about ADHD, especially regarding its main characteristics: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, although they do not clearly identify its definition or treatment. Their understanding is primarily based on classroom experience and support from school psychologists, parents, and students. Finally, it was found that various strategies are applied to support children with ADHD—some planned in advance and others implemented spontaneously, depending on the child's behavior. The teachers acknowledge the importance of psychological evaluations within the institution to improve their practices and highlight the value of collaborative work between families, teachers, and the psychology department.
Currently, ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) in children at schools is a relevant topic. Educational strategies often include classroom adaptations, individualized support, and teaching approaches that address the specific needs of children with ADHD. Additionally, efforts are made to promote understanding and empathy among teachers, classmates, and parents to create an inclusive and effective learning environment. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to analyze teachers’ perceptions regarding strategies for including children with ADHD in a private educational institution in the district of Santiago de Surco. Likewise, this thesis has two specific objectives: on the one hand, to describe teachers’ perceptions of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in early childhood education, and on the other hand, to describe the strategies used to include children with ADHD in the classroom. This research follows a qualitative and descriptive approach, using data collection techniques such as semi-structured interviews, and the information is analyzed using the triangulation technique. The research aims to analyze teachers’ perceptions of the strategies used to include children with ADHD in the classroom based on their characteristics. From the findings, it was observed that the interviewed teachers possess general knowledge about ADHD, especially regarding its main characteristics: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, although they do not clearly identify its definition or treatment. Their understanding is primarily based on classroom experience and support from school psychologists, parents, and students. Finally, it was found that various strategies are applied to support children with ADHD—some planned in advance and others implemented spontaneously, depending on the child's behavior. The teachers acknowledge the importance of psychological evaluations within the institution to improve their practices and highlight the value of collaborative work between families, teachers, and the psychology department.
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Trastorno por déficit de atención en niños, Estrategias de aprendizaje--Perú--Santiago de Surco (Lima : Distrito), Maestros--Perú--Santiago de Surco (Lima : Distrito), Escuelas privadas--Perú--Santiago de Surco (Lima : Distrito)
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