Informe Jurídico sobre la Resolución de la Sala Especializada en Protección al Consumidor N° 0422- 2023/SPC-INDECOPI
Date
2024-08-13
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente informe jurídico analizará el pronunciamiento del INDECOPI sobre la
denuncia interpuesta por el señor David Ore contra el Banco BBVA ante dicha entidad
por la presunta comisión de infracciones al Código de Protección y Defensa del
Consumidor al haber permitido que se realicen cargos inusuales a su tarjeta personal
de débito.
En esa línea, se aborda como problema jurídico principal determinar las medidas de
seguridad que debieron ser implementadas por el Banco BBVA a fin de brindar un
servicio idóneo al señor Ore ante una operación sospechosa cargada a su cuenta de
depósitos previamente constituidos. Para ello, se plantea como problemas jurídicos
secundarios identificar las medidas exigidas por la normativa sectorial aplicable para
tarjetas de débito y crédito, y, precisar qué implica brindar un servicio idóneo por parte
de las entidades bancarias. Asimismo, se profundiza en el análisis de lo resuelto por la
autoridad competente, considerando sus pronunciamientos emitidos en casos
anteriores referidos a operaciones sospechosas, criterios aplicables, lineamientos y la
regulación vigente. Por último, como problema complementario desarrollaremos el plazo
para la atención a reclamos en materia financiera. Para el análisis de estos problemas
jurídicos, se recurrirá a conceptos como el deber de idoneidad, garantías legales,
sanciones administrativas, entre otros.
En las conclusiones, se confirman las hipótesis preliminares planteadas referidas a que
el Banco BBVA no cumplió con su deber de idoneidad al no adoptar las medidas de
seguridad respecto al monitoreo de operaciones. Adicionalmente, atendió
extemporáneamente el reclamo presentado por el señor Ore.
This legal report analyses INDECOPI's pronouncement on the complaint filed by Mr David Ore against BBVA Bank before the aforementioned entity for allegedly violating the Code of Consumer Protection and Defence by allowing unusual charges to be made on his personal debit card. In this line, the main legal problem is to determine the security measures that should have been implemented by BBVA Bank to provide a suitable service to Mr. Ore in the event of a suspicious transaction charged to his previously established deposit account. To this purpose, the secondary legal problems are to identify the security measures required by the applicable sectoral regulations for debit and credit cards, and to specify the implications of the provision of an adequate service by banking entities. Similarly, an in-depth analysis will be made of the decisions taken by the competent authority, considering its pronouncements in previous cases relating to unusual transactions, the applicable criteria, guidelines and current regulations. Finally, as a complementary problem, we will develop the concept of attention to claims in financial matters. In order to analyse these legal problems, we will use concepts such as the duty of suitability, legal guarantees, administrative sanctions, among others. The conclusions confirm the preliminary hypotheses raised, pointing to the fact that BBVA Bank did not comply with its duty of suitability by failing to adopt safeguards to monitor transactions. In addition, the bank did not respond in a timely manner to the claim presented by Mr Ore.
This legal report analyses INDECOPI's pronouncement on the complaint filed by Mr David Ore against BBVA Bank before the aforementioned entity for allegedly violating the Code of Consumer Protection and Defence by allowing unusual charges to be made on his personal debit card. In this line, the main legal problem is to determine the security measures that should have been implemented by BBVA Bank to provide a suitable service to Mr. Ore in the event of a suspicious transaction charged to his previously established deposit account. To this purpose, the secondary legal problems are to identify the security measures required by the applicable sectoral regulations for debit and credit cards, and to specify the implications of the provision of an adequate service by banking entities. Similarly, an in-depth analysis will be made of the decisions taken by the competent authority, considering its pronouncements in previous cases relating to unusual transactions, the applicable criteria, guidelines and current regulations. Finally, as a complementary problem, we will develop the concept of attention to claims in financial matters. In order to analyse these legal problems, we will use concepts such as the duty of suitability, legal guarantees, administrative sanctions, among others. The conclusions confirm the preliminary hypotheses raised, pointing to the fact that BBVA Bank did not comply with its duty of suitability by failing to adopt safeguards to monitor transactions. In addition, the bank did not respond in a timely manner to the claim presented by Mr Ore.
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Keywords
Protección del consumidor--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Bancos--Legislación--Perú--Estudio de casos
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