Perfil léxico-semántico de niños y niñas de 3, 4 y 5 años de una institución educativa pública y privada del distrito El Agustino
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La presente investigación tiene el propósito de determinar si existe diferencia significativa en el perfil
del componente léxico-semántico de los niños y niñas de 3, 4 y 5 años de edad de una IE pública y
privada del distrito El Agustino. El diseño metodológico es un estudio descriptivo, transversal, no
experimental, bajo un enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra está conformada por 44 niñas y 48 niños,
totalizando 92. Para el proceso de medición de las variables se utilizaron el Test de Vocabulario en
Imágenes Peabody (vocabulario comprensivo), el Test Figura/Palabra de Gardner (vocabulario
expresivo) y el Test Habilidades Psicolingüísticas de Illinois (ITPA). Los resultados señalan que en
los niños de la IE pública solo en el área: comprensión auditiva, el valor de la U de Mann-Whitney
obtenido (U = 198,500; p = 0,003), de acuerdo al criterio sexo, es significativo al nivel de p<0,01; y
en los de la IE privada, en ningún área el valor de la U de Mann-Whitney calculado, de acuerdo al
criterio sexo, resulta significativo al nivel de p<0,05. Según la edad, en los niños de la IE pública los
valores H calculados para las áreas: vocabulario comprensivo, vocabulario expresivo y comprensión
auditiva son significativos al nivel de p<0,01; y en los niños de la IE privada los valores H generados
para las áreas: vocabulario comprensivo, vocabulario expresivo y asociación auditiva son
significativos al nivel de p<0,01. Finalmente, en todas las áreas del perfil léxico-semántico el valor
de la U de Mann-Whitney obtenido, de acuerdo a la gestión educativa, resulta ser significativo al
nivel de p<0,01. En conclusión, en función al sexo y la edad, no existe diferencia estadísticamente
significativa en las áreas del perfil del componente léxico-semántico en niños y niñas de 3, 4 y 5 años
de edad de una IE pública y privada del distrito de El Agustino; a excepción del tipo de gestión
educativa, donde sí se registraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en todas las áreas del
perfil.
The purpose of this research is to determine if there is a significant difference in the lexical-semantic component profile of boys and girls aged 3, 4 and 5 years old from a public and private IE in the El Agustino district. The methodological design is a descriptive, cross-sectional, non-experimental study, under a quantitative approach. The sample is made up of 44 girls and 48 boys, totaling 92. For the process of measuring the variables, the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (comprehensive vocabulary), the Gardner Picture/Word Test (expressive vocabulary) and the Illinois Psycholinguistic Skills Test (ITPA) were used. The results indicate that in the children of the public IE only in the area: listening comprehension, the Mann-Whitney U value obtained (U = 198.500; p = 0.003), according to the sex criterion, is significant at the p <0.01 level; and in the private IE, in no area the value of the Mann-Whitney U calculated, according to the sex criterion, is significant at the level of p < 0.05. According to age, in the children of the public IE the values H calculated for the areas: comprehensive vocabulary, expressive vocabulary and listening comprehension are significant at the level of p < 0.01; and in the children of the private IE the values H generated for the areas: comprehensive vocabulary, expressive vocabulary and listening association are significant at the level of p < 0.01. Finally, in all areas of the lexical-semantic profile the value of the Mann-Whitney U obtained, according to the educational management, turns out to be significant at the level of p < 0.01. In conclusion, based on sex and age, there is no statistically significant difference in the areas of the lexical-semantic component profile in boys and girls aged 3, 4 and 5 years of age from a public and private IE in the district of El Agustino; except for the type of educational management, where statistically significant differences were recorded in all areas of the profile.
The purpose of this research is to determine if there is a significant difference in the lexical-semantic component profile of boys and girls aged 3, 4 and 5 years old from a public and private IE in the El Agustino district. The methodological design is a descriptive, cross-sectional, non-experimental study, under a quantitative approach. The sample is made up of 44 girls and 48 boys, totaling 92. For the process of measuring the variables, the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (comprehensive vocabulary), the Gardner Picture/Word Test (expressive vocabulary) and the Illinois Psycholinguistic Skills Test (ITPA) were used. The results indicate that in the children of the public IE only in the area: listening comprehension, the Mann-Whitney U value obtained (U = 198.500; p = 0.003), according to the sex criterion, is significant at the p <0.01 level; and in the private IE, in no area the value of the Mann-Whitney U calculated, according to the sex criterion, is significant at the level of p < 0.05. According to age, in the children of the public IE the values H calculated for the areas: comprehensive vocabulary, expressive vocabulary and listening comprehension are significant at the level of p < 0.01; and in the children of the private IE the values H generated for the areas: comprehensive vocabulary, expressive vocabulary and listening association are significant at the level of p < 0.01. Finally, in all areas of the lexical-semantic profile the value of the Mann-Whitney U obtained, according to the educational management, turns out to be significant at the level of p < 0.01. In conclusion, based on sex and age, there is no statistically significant difference in the areas of the lexical-semantic component profile in boys and girls aged 3, 4 and 5 years of age from a public and private IE in the district of El Agustino; except for the type of educational management, where statistically significant differences were recorded in all areas of the profile.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Niños--Lenguaje--Evaluación, Psicolingüística, Educación preescolar--Investigaciones
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