Las habilidades metalingüísticas y su relación con el lenguaje oral en preescolares de 5 años de instituciones educativas pública y privada de la ciudad de Arequipa, 2023
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La presente investigación se planteó como objetivo determinar la relación entre las
habilidades metalingüísticas y el lenguaje oral en preescolares de 5 años de
instituciones educativas pública y privada de la ciudad de Arequipa, 2023. Se utilizó
el método científico, lo que significa que nos basamos en el uso sistemático de
técnicas y herramientas para llegar a una solución satisfactoria de una cuestión
investigada. Se trató de un estudio no experimental, transeccional, correlacional, con
enfoque cuantitativo y diseño descriptivo, correlacional. Se trabajó con 60 alumnos
preescolares de ambos sexos, 30 de una institución educativa pública y 30 de una
institución educativa privada. Los resultados indican que el coeficiente rho de
Spearman entre las variables de estudio es de 0,453, con valor p = 0,000; asimismo,
las habilidades metalingüísticas correlacionan significativamente con cada una de las
dimensiones del lenguaje: discriminación auditiva (rho = 0,233; p = 0,037), aspectos
fonológicos (rho = 0,233; p = 0,037), aspectos sintácticos (rho = 0,363; p = 0,002), y
aspectos semánticos (rho = 0,257; p = 0,024). También se encontraron diferencias
significativas en ambas variables de estudio, según el tipo de institución educativa,
con puntuaciones favorable a los niños de la institución educativa privada.
Finalmente se llegó a la conclusión de que existe correlación entre las habilidades
metalingüísticas y el lenguaje oral de la muestra de preescolares del estudio realizado.
The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between metalinguistic skills and oral language in 5-year-old preschoolers from public and private educational institutions in the city of Arequipa, 2023. The scientific method was used, which means that we relied on the systematic use of techniques and tools to reach a satisfactory solution to an investigated question. It was a non-experimental, transectional, correlational study, with a quantitative approach and descriptive, correlational design. We worked with 60 preschool students of both sexes, divided into two: 30 from a public educational institution and 30 from a private educational institution. The results indicate that Spearman's rho coefficient between the study variables is 0.453, with p value = 0.000; Likewise, metalinguistic skills correlate significantly with each of the language dimensions: auditory discrimination (rho = 0.233; p = 0.037), phonological aspects (rho = 0.233; p = 0.037), syntactic aspects (rho = 0.363; p = 0.002). ), and semantic aspects (rho = 0.257; p = 0.024). Significant differences were also found in both study variables, depending on the type of educational institution, with scores favorable to children from the private educational institution. Finally, it was concluded that there is a correlation between metalinguistic skills and the oral language of the sample of preschoolers in the study carried out.
The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between metalinguistic skills and oral language in 5-year-old preschoolers from public and private educational institutions in the city of Arequipa, 2023. The scientific method was used, which means that we relied on the systematic use of techniques and tools to reach a satisfactory solution to an investigated question. It was a non-experimental, transectional, correlational study, with a quantitative approach and descriptive, correlational design. We worked with 60 preschool students of both sexes, divided into two: 30 from a public educational institution and 30 from a private educational institution. The results indicate that Spearman's rho coefficient between the study variables is 0.453, with p value = 0.000; Likewise, metalinguistic skills correlate significantly with each of the language dimensions: auditory discrimination (rho = 0.233; p = 0.037), phonological aspects (rho = 0.233; p = 0.037), syntactic aspects (rho = 0.363; p = 0.002). ), and semantic aspects (rho = 0.257; p = 0.024). Significant differences were also found in both study variables, depending on the type of educational institution, with scores favorable to children from the private educational institution. Finally, it was concluded that there is a correlation between metalinguistic skills and the oral language of the sample of preschoolers in the study carried out.
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Palabras clave
Niños--Lenguajes, Lectura--Estudio y enseñanza, Educación preescolar--Perú--Investigaciones, Comunicación oral
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