El escaso desarrollo de las denominaciones de origen peruanas y la marca colectiva como posible alternativa en beneficio de los productores; a raíz del caso del Café de Jaén – San Ignacio
Date
2023-11-16
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En la actualidad, el Perú es un país que cuenta con diez denominaciones de
origen reconocidas, que entre otros, protege a productos que representan
bebidas alcohólicas, frutos, granos, cereales y artesanías. Ante esta situación,
en esta investigación cuestionamos si ese número de productos declarados
como dicho signo distintivo reflejan la diversidad natural y cultural de este país.
Con la finalidad de responder esta incógnita, hemos escogido un producto que,
a nuestro criterio, cumple con todos los requisitos para ser declarado una
denominación de origen: el Café de Jaén - San Ignacio, en Cajamarca. Cabe
resaltar que, a la par, consideraremos a la marca colectiva como posible
alternativa de protección, toda vez que el Instituto Nacional de Defensa de la
Competencia y de la Protección de la Propiedad Intelectual – Indecopi, viene
implementando un Plan Nacional de registro gratuito de estos signos distintivos
y a plazos bastante cortos. Es a raíz de estas dos alternativas que optaremos
por elegir la mejor opción de protección en función a los mayores beneficios que
puedan obtener los productores cafetaleros de las mencionadas provincias.
En tal sentido, se analizará la normativa nacional e internacional vigente, así
como diversos factores como son el de la asociatividad en el Perú y el estado de
los Consejos Reguladores. Asimismo, realizamos un par de visitas a la zona en
búsqueda de un mayor acercamiento al producto, a los actores y los retos que
hoy viene enfrentando el café peruano. Por último, hemos visto conveniente
tomar como referente un caso de éxito internacional, que es Café de Colombia,
para identificar al final de esta investigación, qué estrategias podrían aplicarse
con el café peruano en búsqueda de una mejor protección jurídica, promoción y
posicionamiento
At present, Peru is a country that has ten recognized appellations of origin, which, among others, protect products that represent alcoholic beverages, fruits, grains, cereals, and handicrafts. Faced with this situation, in this investigation we question whether this number of products declared as said distinctive sign reflects the natural and cultural diversity of this country. In order to answer this question, we have chosen a product that, in our opinion, has all the requirements to be declared an appellation of origin: Café de Jaén – San Ignacio, in Cajamarca. It should be noted that at the same time, we will consider the collective trademark as a possible protection alternative, since the National Institute for the Defense of Competition and the Protection of Intellectual Property – (Indecopi in Spanish), has been implementing a National Plan for the free registration of these distinctive signs and in fairly short deadlines. It is as a result of these two alternatives that we will choose the best protection option based on the greatest benefits that coffee producers in the aforementioned provinces can obtain. In this sense, the current national and international regulations will be analyzed, as well as various factors such as the associativity in Peru and the state of the Regulatory Councils. Likewise, we made a couple of visits to the area in search of a closer approach to the product, the actors and the challenges that Peruvian coffee is facing today. Finally, we have seen fit to take as a reference an international success story, which is Café de Colombia, to identify at the end of this investigation, what strategies could be used with Peruvian coffee in search of better legal protection, promotion, and positioning.
At present, Peru is a country that has ten recognized appellations of origin, which, among others, protect products that represent alcoholic beverages, fruits, grains, cereals, and handicrafts. Faced with this situation, in this investigation we question whether this number of products declared as said distinctive sign reflects the natural and cultural diversity of this country. In order to answer this question, we have chosen a product that, in our opinion, has all the requirements to be declared an appellation of origin: Café de Jaén – San Ignacio, in Cajamarca. It should be noted that at the same time, we will consider the collective trademark as a possible protection alternative, since the National Institute for the Defense of Competition and the Protection of Intellectual Property – (Indecopi in Spanish), has been implementing a National Plan for the free registration of these distinctive signs and in fairly short deadlines. It is as a result of these two alternatives that we will choose the best protection option based on the greatest benefits that coffee producers in the aforementioned provinces can obtain. In this sense, the current national and international regulations will be analyzed, as well as various factors such as the associativity in Peru and the state of the Regulatory Councils. Likewise, we made a couple of visits to the area in search of a closer approach to the product, the actors and the challenges that Peruvian coffee is facing today. Finally, we have seen fit to take as a reference an international success story, which is Café de Colombia, to identify at the end of this investigation, what strategies could be used with Peruvian coffee in search of better legal protection, promotion, and positioning.
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Keywords
Organismos reguladores--Legislación--Perú, Marcas comerciales--Legislación--Perú, Marcas comerciales--Legislación--Colombia, Café--Industria y comercio--Colombia, Café--Industria y comercio--Perú, Propiedad intelectual--Legislación--Perú
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