Unidad para encarar la barbarie: un estudio de la subjetividad en la primera línea de protesta del Centro Histórico de Lima 2020-2024
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación explora la subjetividad de la primera línea de protesta que ha
participado en las movilizaciones acontecidas en el Centro Histórica de Lima entre el año
2020 y 2024. Para ello, se empleó el enfoque interdisciplinario y de vocación política de los
Estudios Culturales y la metodología de la Investigación Radical en Psicología Cualitativa.
Así, las técnicas utilizadas para la recolección de los datos y el análisis de la información
fueron entrevistas semiestructuradas a participantes de la primera línea y el análisis temático,
respectivamente. Los principales hallazgos dan cuenta de representaciones sobre el carácter
estructural de las violencias capitalistas y coloniales, la represión política como motivación
para la participación y la necesidad de la autodefensa para sostener una protesta que se opone
a aquellas. De la misma forma, se pudo observar la condición organizada de la primera línea
de protesta en base a los objetivos de proteger y viabilizar la movilización bajo una estrategia
de resistencia política, así como de la presencia de conflictos comunes y recurrentes en ellos.
Finalmente, se interpretó la presencia de un deseo político común a pesar de la
heterogeneidad en los imaginarios de la primera línea, el cual radica en el develamiento de
una verdad por parte de la población subalternizada y se sostiene por un goce experimentado
dentro de la violencia que acontece en la represión policial, dando como resultado una
subjetividad dispuesta al sacrificio heroico.
This research explores the subjectivity of the frontline of protest who participated in the mobilizations that took place in Lima's Historic Center between 2020 and 2024. To this end, an interdisciplinary and politically engaged approach grounded in Cultural Studies was employed, alongside the methodology of Radical Research in Qualitative Psychology. Thus, the techniques used for data collection and analysis were semi-structured interviews with front-line participants and thematic analysis, respectively. The main findings reveal representations concerning the structural stature of capitalist and colonial violence, political repression as the motive for participation, and the perceived necessity of self-defense to sustain a protest that resists such violence. Likewise, the front line of protest was observed to be organized around objectives of protecting and enabling the mobilization through a strategy of political resistance, as well as marked by common and recurring internal conflicts. Finally, the study interprets the emergence of a shared political desire, despite the heterogeneity of imaginaries within the frontline; this desire settles on the unveiling of a truth by subalternized populations and is sustained by a form of jouissance experienced within the violence of police repression, ultimately resulting in a subjectivity oriented toward heroic sacrifice.
This research explores the subjectivity of the frontline of protest who participated in the mobilizations that took place in Lima's Historic Center between 2020 and 2024. To this end, an interdisciplinary and politically engaged approach grounded in Cultural Studies was employed, alongside the methodology of Radical Research in Qualitative Psychology. Thus, the techniques used for data collection and analysis were semi-structured interviews with front-line participants and thematic analysis, respectively. The main findings reveal representations concerning the structural stature of capitalist and colonial violence, political repression as the motive for participation, and the perceived necessity of self-defense to sustain a protest that resists such violence. Likewise, the front line of protest was observed to be organized around objectives of protecting and enabling the mobilization through a strategy of political resistance, as well as marked by common and recurring internal conflicts. Finally, the study interprets the emergence of a shared political desire, despite the heterogeneity of imaginaries within the frontline; this desire settles on the unveiling of a truth by subalternized populations and is sustained by a form of jouissance experienced within the violence of police repression, ultimately resulting in a subjectivity oriented toward heroic sacrifice.
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Subjetividad, Represión (Política)--Perú--Lima--Siglo XXI, Movimientos sociales--Perú--Lima--Siglo XXI, Representaciones sociales
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