Modelo prolab: Cargo App, un aplicativo digital que transforma el proceso logístico de manera eficiente, conecta empresas y transportistas en Lima
Date
2023-05-18
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La pandemia ocasionada por el COVID 19, ha sido un reto para todos los estados y empresas
del mundo. Temas como educación en línea, software as a service, intercambio de
información, infraestructura como servicio, compras en línea, entre otros, han vivido una
aceleración muy importante desde finales de 2020, como consecuencia de la pandemia. Esta
adopción tecnológica no solo ha sido tomada por las personas, sino que las empresas,
conscientes de sus necesidades de liquidez, de conectividad, de eficiencia, de logística e
infraestructura, se han unido a la era digital. Sumado a lo anterior, la pandemia ha generado
estragos en todas las economías, afectando las diferentes actividades económicas de todos los
países, una de las actividades que se ha visto afectada es el transporte de carga, que poco a
poco viene en recuperación.
En ese contexto, se ha identificado un problema que atañe a la cadena logística de las
empresas y que afecta directamente al segmento de transportistas de carga, a quienes se
define como los clientes y usuarios, en esta investigación. El problema identificado es la
necesidad de movilizar carga pesada de forma segura, eficiente, a un costo razonable y a
tiempo. De esta forma en este estudio se propone una aplicación digital que permite conectar
a clientes y usuarios, brindando seguimiento en tiempo real a través de la trazabilidad de
rutas, destinos y tiempos, además de un proceso de legalización eficiente, rápido y digital que
permite agilizar y simplificar el proceso de transporte.
Luego de un análisis profundo del mercado y de los usuarios, se planteó un prototipo
de solución, que ha sido validado por diferentes usuarios que lo han testeado, y que ha sido
estructurado a través de un modelo de negocio rentable, escalable, sostenible y generador de
impacto.
Para validar este prototipo se plantearon distintas hipótesis las cuales han sido
validadas mediante pruebas de usabilidad (deseabilidad) con los usuarios (Transportistas y clientes), confirmando que las empresas que transportan carga y los transportistas, prefieren
usar el aplicativo (CargoApp) para gestionar su proceso logístico y realizar seguimiento en
tiempo real al servicio de carga, frente al modelo de seguimiento tradicional. Lo anterior lleva
a concluir que los transportistas y clientes que usan la solución perciben una mejoría en todo
el proceso logístico. Por otro lado, se evaluó la factibilidad del plan de mercadeo y el plan de
operaciones asegurando el cumplimiento de las necesidades de los clientes y usuarios, por
medio de simulaciones de Montecarlo, lo cual muestra factibilidad estadística en el plan de
desarrollo del producto y modelo de negocio.
Asimismo, se validó la hipótesis sobre la viabilidad financiera y necesidades de
inversión que necesitaría el proyecto principalmente para desarrollar la tecnología, diseñar el
interfaz de la aplicación y poner en marcha la conexión entre empresas y transportistas,
concluyendo que el proyecto genera un valor financiero, gracias a los servicios ofrecidos a
partir del primer año, lo que se traduce en un VAN proyectado de de S/.3’912,234.
Finalmente, se puede concluir que el modelo de negocio planteado es sostenible pues
genera relevancia y rentabilidad social, aportando al desarrollo de los ODS #8 y #9, buscando
en todo momento el equilibrio económico, social y ambiental.
The pandemic caused by COVID 19 has been a challenge for all states and companies around the world. Topics such as online education, software as a service, information exchange, infrastructure as a service, e-commerce, among others, have experienced a very important acceleration since the finals of 2020, as a pandemic consequence. This technological adoption has not only been taken by people, but also Companies, aware of their liquidity, connectivity, efficiency, logistics and infrastructure needs, have joined to the digital wave. In addition, the pandemic has caused troubles in all economies, affecting the different economic activities of all countries, one of these impacted activities has been cargo transportation, which is gradually recovering. In this context, it has been identified a problem that concerns the logistics chain of companies and that directly affects carriers, who are defined as customers and users in this research. The problem identified in the need to move heavy cargo safely, efficiently, at a reasonable cost and on time. In this way, this study proposes an application that allows connecting costumers and users, providing real-time monitoring through the traceability of routes, destinations, and times, further an efficient, fast, and digital legalization process that allows to simplify the transportation process. After an in-depth analysis of the market and the users, a solution prototype was proposed, which has been validated by different users who have tested it, and which has been structured through a profitable, scalable, sustainable, and impact generating business model. To validate this prototype, different hypotheses were raised, which have been validated through usability (desirability) tests with users (Carriers and customers), confirming that the companies that need to move cargo and carriers prefer to use the application (CargoApp) to manage their logistics process and real-time cargo monitoring, instead of the traditional model. This leads to the conclusion that carriers and customers use the solution and perceive an improvement in the whole logistic process. On the other hand, the feasibility of the marketing plan, the operations plan ensuring compliance with customer needs, were tested through Monte Carlo simulations, which show statistical feasibility in the product development plan and business model. Likewise, the hypothesis on the financial viability and investment needs that the project would need mainly to develop the technology, design the application interface, and start up the connection between companies and carriers was validated, concluding that the project generates financial value, thanks to the services offered from the first year, which translates into a projected NPV of S/.3'912,234. Finally, it can be concluded that the proposed business model also is sustainable since it generates relevance and social profitability, contributing to SDGs #8 and #9, always seeking economic, social, and environmental balance.
The pandemic caused by COVID 19 has been a challenge for all states and companies around the world. Topics such as online education, software as a service, information exchange, infrastructure as a service, e-commerce, among others, have experienced a very important acceleration since the finals of 2020, as a pandemic consequence. This technological adoption has not only been taken by people, but also Companies, aware of their liquidity, connectivity, efficiency, logistics and infrastructure needs, have joined to the digital wave. In addition, the pandemic has caused troubles in all economies, affecting the different economic activities of all countries, one of these impacted activities has been cargo transportation, which is gradually recovering. In this context, it has been identified a problem that concerns the logistics chain of companies and that directly affects carriers, who are defined as customers and users in this research. The problem identified in the need to move heavy cargo safely, efficiently, at a reasonable cost and on time. In this way, this study proposes an application that allows connecting costumers and users, providing real-time monitoring through the traceability of routes, destinations, and times, further an efficient, fast, and digital legalization process that allows to simplify the transportation process. After an in-depth analysis of the market and the users, a solution prototype was proposed, which has been validated by different users who have tested it, and which has been structured through a profitable, scalable, sustainable, and impact generating business model. To validate this prototype, different hypotheses were raised, which have been validated through usability (desirability) tests with users (Carriers and customers), confirming that the companies that need to move cargo and carriers prefer to use the application (CargoApp) to manage their logistics process and real-time cargo monitoring, instead of the traditional model. This leads to the conclusion that carriers and customers use the solution and perceive an improvement in the whole logistic process. On the other hand, the feasibility of the marketing plan, the operations plan ensuring compliance with customer needs, were tested through Monte Carlo simulations, which show statistical feasibility in the product development plan and business model. Likewise, the hypothesis on the financial viability and investment needs that the project would need mainly to develop the technology, design the application interface, and start up the connection between companies and carriers was validated, concluding that the project generates financial value, thanks to the services offered from the first year, which translates into a projected NPV of S/.3'912,234. Finally, it can be concluded that the proposed business model also is sustainable since it generates relevance and social profitability, contributing to SDGs #8 and #9, always seeking economic, social, and environmental balance.
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Keywords
Negocios--Planificación, Servicios digitales, Dispositivos móviles--Aplicaciones, Logística empresarial, COVID-19 (Enfermedad)--Perú
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