Pugna de encuadres entre Palacio de Gobierno y los diarios El Comercio y La República: Caso: fenómeno de “El Niño Costero 2017”
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2024-07-15
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Durante el fenómeno de “El Niño Costero 2017”, de consecuencias devastadoras para
nuestro país, el gobierno del expresidente Pedro Pablo Kuczynski promovió encuadres
informativos resaltando su gestión en la atención de la emergencia y trató de imponerlos en
medios de comunicación como El Comercio y La República, entrando en una pugna por evitar
que calen en el público los encuadres propios que al mismo tiempo generaron dichos diarios y
otros actores.
Conocer si el expresidente Kuczynski hizo prevalecer o no sus encuadres durante el
tiempo que duró este fenómeno, en un contexto de inestabilidad avivado por el escándalo de
corrupción del caso Lava Jato y una polarización exacerbada por la oposición política desde el
Congreso de la República, es relevante debido a que permite establecer a través del framing cómo
un presidente de la República busca construir una agenda, enmarcar la realidad mediática a su
favor e implementar estrategias de comunicación exitosas en un escenario de permanente disputa.
“El Niño Costero 2017” estuvo entre los sucesos noticiosos con mayor cobertura e
impacto ese año. La elección de este acontecimiento responde al interés de analizar el desempeño
del mandatario y su comunicación, que permitió un incremento de 11 puntos de la aprobación
presidencial en un mes y llegó a 45% en marzo, de acuerdo a la encuestadora Datum; sin embargo,
posteriormente no pudo mantener ese respaldo ciudadano. Los resultados de la presente
investigación podrían convertirse en insumo importante para los responsables de las
comunicaciones de la Presidencia de la República o de otras instancias de gobierno.
During the phenomenon of “El Niño Costero 2017”, with devastating consequences for our country, the government of former President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski promoted informative frames highlighting his management in addressing the emergency and tried to impose them in media outlets such as El Comercio and La República, entering into a struggle to prevent the public's own frames that at the same time generated by said newspapers and other actors. Knowing whether or not former President Kuczynski made his frames prevail during the time that this phenomenon lasted, in a context of instability fueled by the corruption scandal of the Lava Jato case and a polarization exacerbated by the political opposition from the Congress of the Republic, is relevant because it allows us to establish through framing how a president of the Republic seeks to build an agenda, frame the media reality in his favor and implement successful communication strategies in a scenario of permanent dispute. “El Niño Costero 2017” was among the news events with the greatest coverage and impact that year. The choice of this event responds to the interest of analyzing the president's performance and his communication, which allowed an increase of 11 points in presidential approval in one month and reached 45% in March, according to the pollster Datum; However, he was subsequently unable to maintain that citizen support. The results of this investigation could become important input for those responsible for communications in the Presidency of the Republic or other government agencies.
During the phenomenon of “El Niño Costero 2017”, with devastating consequences for our country, the government of former President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski promoted informative frames highlighting his management in addressing the emergency and tried to impose them in media outlets such as El Comercio and La República, entering into a struggle to prevent the public's own frames that at the same time generated by said newspapers and other actors. Knowing whether or not former President Kuczynski made his frames prevail during the time that this phenomenon lasted, in a context of instability fueled by the corruption scandal of the Lava Jato case and a polarization exacerbated by the political opposition from the Congress of the Republic, is relevant because it allows us to establish through framing how a president of the Republic seeks to build an agenda, frame the media reality in his favor and implement successful communication strategies in a scenario of permanent dispute. “El Niño Costero 2017” was among the news events with the greatest coverage and impact that year. The choice of this event responds to the interest of analyzing the president's performance and his communication, which allowed an increase of 11 points in presidential approval in one month and reached 45% in March, according to the pollster Datum; However, he was subsequently unable to maintain that citizen support. The results of this investigation could become important input for those responsible for communications in the Presidency of the Republic or other government agencies.
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Comunicación política--Perú, Medios de comunicación de masas--Aspectos políticos--Perú, Corriente El Niño--Aspectos políticos--Perú
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