Relaciones de pareja, violencia y resistencia: trayectorias de un grupo de mujeres de un centro poblado rural de la costa sur del Perú
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2018-05-24
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación buscó identificar y analizar las condiciones subjetivas, sociales y estructurales que explican la decisión de ocho mujeres adultas de un centro poblado rural de la costa sur del Perú1, de permanecer o terminar su relación de pareja violenta; así como describir y analizar cómo es que viven dichas decisiones. La investigación tuvo una aproximación cualitativa y el enfoque utilizado fue el estudio de caso. Las herramientas de recojo de información fueron observación participante, entrevista semi-estructurada a profundidad y revisión documental. Se encontró que las condiciones estructurales, sociales y subjetivas ponen, principalmente, a las mujeres en situación vulnerable, de sumisión y resignación; pero, al mismo tiempo, existen dimensiones de estas condiciones que favorecen
sus capacidades de crítica y acción. Es así que se identifican dos trayectorias: a) la principal es la de permanecer en la relación de pareja pero no de manera pasiva, sino
cuestionando/resistiendo y b) solo en un caso se presenta la trayectoria de terminar la relación. Las mujeres viven ambas trayectorias en permanente tensión pues se pone en cuestión los mandatos, referentes, ideales y planes de familia, pareja y sobre todo, la misma constitución del sujeto mujer. Ello les produce miedo, incertidumbre, culpa, vergüenza, pero también, alivio, goce, esperanza, bienestar. Es decir, sus subjetividades están en constante movimiento con diferentes ritmos, direcciones y velocidades lo cual es una tarea bastante retadora para las ellas. Estos hallazgos permiten esbozar algunas ideas sobre cómo aportar a que las mujeres continúen cuestionando, transformando y/o rechazando/terminando las relaciones de pareja violentas.
The present study aims to identify and analyze the subjective, social, and structural conditions that explain the decision of eight adult women, from a rural town on the south coast of Peru, to stay or end their violent couple's relationship; as well as to describe and analyze their experience throughout these decisions. The research had a qualitative approach and the method used was the case study. The information gathering tools were participant observation, in-depth semi-structured interview, and document review. It was found that the subjective, social, and structural conditions mainly place women in a vulnerable situation, of submission and resignation. Nonetheless, simultaneously, there are dimensions that favor their capacity for criticism and action. Hence, two trajectories are identified: (a) the main one is to remain in the relationship not passively, but questioning / resisting, (b) and only in one case, the trajectory of ending the relationship. Women experience both trajectories in permanent tension, since the experience puts into question the mandates, referents, ideals and plans of the family, the couple, and above all the constitution of woman as a subject. The experience produces fear, uncertainty, guilt, shame, but also relief, enjoyment, hope, and wellbeing. Their subjectivities are in constant movement with different rhythms, directions, and speeds which is a rather challenging task for these women. These findings allow us to outline some ideas to promote women to continue questioning, transforming and / or rejecting / ending violent couple's relationships.
The present study aims to identify and analyze the subjective, social, and structural conditions that explain the decision of eight adult women, from a rural town on the south coast of Peru, to stay or end their violent couple's relationship; as well as to describe and analyze their experience throughout these decisions. The research had a qualitative approach and the method used was the case study. The information gathering tools were participant observation, in-depth semi-structured interview, and document review. It was found that the subjective, social, and structural conditions mainly place women in a vulnerable situation, of submission and resignation. Nonetheless, simultaneously, there are dimensions that favor their capacity for criticism and action. Hence, two trajectories are identified: (a) the main one is to remain in the relationship not passively, but questioning / resisting, (b) and only in one case, the trajectory of ending the relationship. Women experience both trajectories in permanent tension, since the experience puts into question the mandates, referents, ideals and plans of the family, the couple, and above all the constitution of woman as a subject. The experience produces fear, uncertainty, guilt, shame, but also relief, enjoyment, hope, and wellbeing. Their subjectivities are in constant movement with different rhythms, directions, and speeds which is a rather challenging task for these women. These findings allow us to outline some ideas to promote women to continue questioning, transforming and / or rejecting / ending violent couple's relationships.
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Mujeres rurales--Perú--Condiciones sociales, Relaciones hombre-mujer--Perú, Violencia en el noviazgo--Perú, Mujeres--Violencia contra--Perú
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