Informe jurídico de la Resolución N° 4920-2024-SUNARP-TR
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El presente informe analiza la viabilidad jurídica y económica de integrar
criptomonedas como aportes al capital social de una sociedad en el marco de la
Ley General de Sociedades peruana, abordando sus efectos sobre la función
garantista del capital, la estabilidad patrimonial y el acceso al crédito. A través
de un enfoque analítico, se examina la naturaleza jurídica de los activos digitales,
su valoración como aportes no dinerarios y las implicancias que genera su
volatilidad frente a la finalidad de protección a acreedores y transparencia
patrimonial. Asimismo, se revisan experiencias comparadas en materia de
regulación y custodia de criptoactivos en la Unión Europea, Estados Unidos y
Japón, identificando los estándares técnicos que podrían orientar una futura
reforma normativa en el Perú.
El estudio concluye que, si bien las criptomonedas poseen valor económico y
pueden ser registradas como aportes, no cumplen actualmente las funciones
económicas y jurídicas esenciales del capital social, debido a la ausencia de
mecanismos de valorización, custodia y ejecución efectivos. En consecuencia,
su aceptación como capital social, sin un marco regulatorio integral, debilita la
función garantista y la confianza del sistema financiero. Se propone, por tanto, la
implementación de una regulación específica sobre activos digitales que asegure
trazabilidad, valorización objetiva y seguridad jurídica en su integración
societaria.
This report analyzes the legal and economic feasibility of integrating cryptocurrencies as contributions to the equity capital of a company under the General Law of Peruvian Enterprises, addressing its effects on the function of guarantee of capital, financial stability and access to credit. Through an analytical approach, we examine the legal nature of digital assets, their valuation as noncash contributions and the implications that their volatility generates against the objective of creditor protection and wealth transparency. It also reviews comparative experiences in the regulation and custody of crypto assets in the European Union, the United States and Japan, identifying technical standards that could guide future regulatory reforms in Peru. The study concludes that, although cryptocurrencies have economic value and can be registered as contributions, they currently do not fulfill the essential economic and legal functions of share capital due to the absence of effective mechanisms for their valuation, custody and execution. Therefore, their acceptance as share capital without a comprehensive regulatory framework weakens the guarantor function and confidence of the financial system. Therefore, it is proposed to implement a specific regulation on digital assets that ensures traceability, objective valuation and legal certainty in their corporate integration.
This report analyzes the legal and economic feasibility of integrating cryptocurrencies as contributions to the equity capital of a company under the General Law of Peruvian Enterprises, addressing its effects on the function of guarantee of capital, financial stability and access to credit. Through an analytical approach, we examine the legal nature of digital assets, their valuation as noncash contributions and the implications that their volatility generates against the objective of creditor protection and wealth transparency. It also reviews comparative experiences in the regulation and custody of crypto assets in the European Union, the United States and Japan, identifying technical standards that could guide future regulatory reforms in Peru. The study concludes that, although cryptocurrencies have economic value and can be registered as contributions, they currently do not fulfill the essential economic and legal functions of share capital due to the absence of effective mechanisms for their valuation, custody and execution. Therefore, their acceptance as share capital without a comprehensive regulatory framework weakens the guarantor function and confidence of the financial system. Therefore, it is proposed to implement a specific regulation on digital assets that ensures traceability, objective valuation and legal certainty in their corporate integration.
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Sociedades comerciales--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Derecho societario, Capital social
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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