La ejecución de las sentencias estructurales emitidas por el Tribunal Constitucional peruano : Estado de la cuestión, problemas y propuestas para una tutela efectiva de los derechos fundamentales
Date
2023-12-11
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Las sentencias estructurales son pronunciamientos jurisdiccionales que, para resolver un conflicto
de intereses, ordenan reformar una estructura social o política. Su ejecución se desarrolla de modo
progresivo y a menudo a través de programas de implementación que demandan meses o años de
esfuerzos de parte de los actores políticos, institucionales y privados involucrados. El Tribunal
Constitucional peruano no ha sido ajeno a este fenómeno, pues en más de una oportunidad ha
emitido sentencias dentro de procesos constitucionales que se corresponden con tales
características. No obstante, la regulación peruana vigente sobre ejecución de sentencias recaídas
en procesos constitucionales adolece de una serie de defectos que no coadyuvan a una ejecución
adecuada de los fallos estructurales. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar esos defectos
y proponer reformas tendientes a mejorar la normativa peruana para una ejecución efectiva y
eficiente de las sentencias estructurales recaídas en procesos constitucionales.
Structural rulings are judicial decisions that, in order to solve a conflict, order the reform of a social or political structure. The enforcement of these kind of rulings undergo a progressive development, often through months-or-years-long implementation programs that involve political, institutional and private actors. The Peruvian Constitutional Court has not been a stranger to this phenomenon. They have issued rulings inside constitutional processes that hold the characteristics noted above. Nevertheless, Peruvian regulations regarding the enforcement of judicial decisions issued inside constitutional processes present serious deficiencies that hinder the adequate execution of structural rulings. This paper aims to identify said deficiencies and to propose legal reforms to achieve an effective and efficient enforcement of structural rulings issued inside constitutional processes.
Structural rulings are judicial decisions that, in order to solve a conflict, order the reform of a social or political structure. The enforcement of these kind of rulings undergo a progressive development, often through months-or-years-long implementation programs that involve political, institutional and private actors. The Peruvian Constitutional Court has not been a stranger to this phenomenon. They have issued rulings inside constitutional processes that hold the characteristics noted above. Nevertheless, Peruvian regulations regarding the enforcement of judicial decisions issued inside constitutional processes present serious deficiencies that hinder the adequate execution of structural rulings. This paper aims to identify said deficiencies and to propose legal reforms to achieve an effective and efficient enforcement of structural rulings issued inside constitutional processes.
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Keywords
Sentencias--Legislación--Estados Unidos, Sentencias--Legislación--Perú, Sentencias--Legislación--Argentina, Tribunales constitucionales--Jurisprudencia--Perú
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