Análisis de los factores de éxito y limitantes de la gestión e implementación del Fondo de Estímulo al Desempeño y Logro de Resultados Sociales (FED) en el marco del Desarrollo Infantil Temprano (DIT) en la región Pasco periodo 2019 - 2020
Date
2024-02-09
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación es un estudio de caso sobre los factores contribuyentes
y los limitantes de la gestión y ejecución del Fondo de Estímulo al Desempeño y Logro de
Resultados Sociales (FED) en el marco del enfoque del Desarrollo Infantil Temprano (DIT)
en la región del Pasco en el periodo de 2019 - 2020, además se analizó la cogestión
institucional e interinstitucional, así como las apreciaciones de los usuarios y la participación
comunitaria con la finalidad de proponer recomendaciones de mejora de esta herramienta
de incentivos económicos dirigido a los gobiernos regionales. La estrategia metodológica
utilizada es cualitativa de corte explicativo, se hizo uso de instrumentos de investigación
como la revisión documentaria, entrevistas semiestructuradas, estructuradas, abiertas,
grupos focales e historias de vida. Los principales hallazgos de la investigación con
respecto a la gestión como factores de éxito es la forma articulada de gestión en la
planificación de las actividades operativas, así como en la formulación de compromisos de
gestión, metas de cobertura y condiciones que el equipo técnico del FED maneja, diseña y
evalúa. Por otro lado, el cuello de botella más significativo y recurrente que se halló fue la
carente presencia de personal capacitado para ejercer funciones y roles que se ven
afectados por el cambio de gestión política en la región. Los fallos tienen huellas humanas,
siendo así un factor que obstaculiza una gestión efectiva y eficiente.
En la cogestión institucional e interinstitucional, se observó un prominente trabajo articulado
dónde cada sector tiene en cuenta la participación de distintas entidades públicas que
permiten la obtención de resultados sociales. Sin embargo, no se evidencia la participación
de ONG o empresas del sector privado para incentivar una gobernanza integral. En relación
con los usuarios como son las gestantes y los padres de familia la mayoría demuestran
niveles altos de conformidad, mientras que algunos de ellos presentan discrepancia porque
creen que los servicios prestados no están a la altura de estándares altos de calidad. Con
respecto a la participación de los actores locales, las Agentes Comunitarias de Salud (ACS),
las Promotoras Educativas Comunitarias (PEC) y las Juntas Administradoras de Servicios
de Saneamiento (JASS) en la región Pasco demuestran compromiso con sus comunidades
porque creen que no solo será de beneficio para sus familias sino también entienden que
su colaboración es importante para el desarrollo local. No obstante, la marginación de sus
labores y la falta de infraestructuras para la implementación de actividades impiden que
participen activamente en su comunidad. Concluimos que la gestión, así como la
articulación deben estar alineados para brindar servicios de calidad que no solo beneficien
a cierto grupo prioritario en marco del DIT, sino a la totalidad de una población debido a que
si son servicios públicos son de carácter universal. Asimismo, la gestión debe contar con el
planeamiento de estrategias de contingencia para mitigar los estragos pandémicos y de esa
forma no frenar con las actividades planteadas. Como futuras gerentes sociales creemos
que para mejorar los procesos de gestión no solo se debe tener en cuenta los compromisos
de gestión o metas de cobertura, sino adaptar los indicadores según las características de
cada región, para obtener resultados más favorables en la línea de un desarrollo humano
integral que inicia en la primera infancia y que prosigue con toda la población en general.
The following research is aimed to analyze the case study of the contributing and limiting factors from the Fondo de Estímulo al Desempeño y Logro de Resultados Sociales (FED based on its Spanish acronym) with focus on Early Childhood Development in Pasco region during 2019-2020. Likewise, the institutional and interinstitutional coordination was examined, the beneficiaries’ opinion was considering and the community participation to propose improvement recommendations of this designed-financial incentive at regional governments. The methodological strategy utilized for this research is explanatory. Document review Semi structured and structured interviews, focus groups and life stories were the research instruments. The main findings of FED management are, the successful coordination for the operating activities in the planning process, the FED technical team who manages, creates, and assess the developing of management engagement, coverage targets and conditions. Conversely, the most relevant bottleneck was founded in the absent of human resources trained for do their job due to the political party shift in Pasco. Additionally, the public officials make mistakes becoming a barrier for achieving an efficient management. There is a complete institutional and interinstitutional coordination, which every public institution from different areas participates obtaining great social results. However, there is no evidence of NGO participation nor corporates from the private sector involved in this governance process. Referring to the beneficiaries, expectant mothers and parents show high levels of approval; meanwhile, some of them show disagreement because they believe the supply of services do not meet the high-quality standards. According to the participation of the locals, the Health Communitarian Agents (ACS based on its Spanish acronym), Communitarian Educational Promoters (PEC based on its Spanish acronym) and the Communal Organization for Sanitation Services (JASS based on its Spanish acronym) in Pasco region show engagement with their communities because they believe not only is good for their families, but also, they understand their involvement is important for the local development. To conclude, the management and the coordination should be aligned to bring high-quality services that not only benefit certain group of people under the Early Childhood Development frame, but also for the entire population due to the services are public with allpurpose features. In the same way, the management should count with contingencystrategic planning to mitigate the pandemic havoc to not restrain the planned activities. As future social mangers, we believe that the improvement for the managerial process is not only count with a national management engagements o coverage target, but it is necessary to adapt them according to each region of our country, to obtain more positive results for comprehensive human development, begins in the early childhood and continues with the general population.
The following research is aimed to analyze the case study of the contributing and limiting factors from the Fondo de Estímulo al Desempeño y Logro de Resultados Sociales (FED based on its Spanish acronym) with focus on Early Childhood Development in Pasco region during 2019-2020. Likewise, the institutional and interinstitutional coordination was examined, the beneficiaries’ opinion was considering and the community participation to propose improvement recommendations of this designed-financial incentive at regional governments. The methodological strategy utilized for this research is explanatory. Document review Semi structured and structured interviews, focus groups and life stories were the research instruments. The main findings of FED management are, the successful coordination for the operating activities in the planning process, the FED technical team who manages, creates, and assess the developing of management engagement, coverage targets and conditions. Conversely, the most relevant bottleneck was founded in the absent of human resources trained for do their job due to the political party shift in Pasco. Additionally, the public officials make mistakes becoming a barrier for achieving an efficient management. There is a complete institutional and interinstitutional coordination, which every public institution from different areas participates obtaining great social results. However, there is no evidence of NGO participation nor corporates from the private sector involved in this governance process. Referring to the beneficiaries, expectant mothers and parents show high levels of approval; meanwhile, some of them show disagreement because they believe the supply of services do not meet the high-quality standards. According to the participation of the locals, the Health Communitarian Agents (ACS based on its Spanish acronym), Communitarian Educational Promoters (PEC based on its Spanish acronym) and the Communal Organization for Sanitation Services (JASS based on its Spanish acronym) in Pasco region show engagement with their communities because they believe not only is good for their families, but also, they understand their involvement is important for the local development. To conclude, the management and the coordination should be aligned to bring high-quality services that not only benefit certain group of people under the Early Childhood Development frame, but also for the entire population due to the services are public with allpurpose features. In the same way, the management should count with contingencystrategic planning to mitigate the pandemic havoc to not restrain the planned activities. As future social mangers, we believe that the improvement for the managerial process is not only count with a national management engagements o coverage target, but it is necessary to adapt them according to each region of our country, to obtain more positive results for comprehensive human development, begins in the early childhood and continues with the general population.
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Keywords
Desarrollo infantil--Perú--Pasco, Gobierno regional--Perú--Pasco--Gobierno y administración, Gobierno regional--Perú--Pasco--Participación ciudadana
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