Diferencias de las habilidades psicolingüísticas de estudiantes del primer grado de educación primaria de una institución educativa privada de Lima Metropolitana en función a la práctica o no del teatro
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Date
2022-01-14
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo demostrar si existen
diferencias significativas en las habilidades psicolingüísticas en estudiantes de
primer grado de primaria de una institución privada de Lima Metropolitana en
función a la práctica o no del teatro. Para ello, se aplicó una investigación no
experimental descriptiva comparativa en donde se describieron las habilidades
psicolingüísticas y sus componentes y se compararon los resultados entre quienes
participaron en un taller de teatro de manera extracurricular y quienes no asistieron
al mismo. La muestra estuvo constituida por 16 alumnos del primer grado de
primaria de una institución educativa privada de Lima Metropolitana de nivel
socioeconómico medio-alto. Se aplicó el Test de Aptitudes Psicolingüísticas de
Illinois adaptado por Ballesteros y Cordero (2004) como instrumento de
investigación. Los resultados de la investigación determinaron que en ambos grupos
no existen diferencias significativas en el nivel de habilidades psicolingüísticas. El
grupo de estudiantes que participaron del taller de teatro obtuvo mejores resultados
en tareas de tipo auditivo, mientras el otro grupo de estudiantes, en tareas de tipo
visual. Específicamente, en la habilidad de asociación auditiva, el grupo de
estudiantes que participaron del taller de teatro obtuvo mejores resultados,
encontrándose una diferencia significativa. Mientras que el grupo que no participó
de un taller de teatro alcanzó un nivel más alto en la fluidez verbal, marcando
diferencias significativas en su favor. Asimismo, la mayoría de los estudiantes evaluados se encontró en un nivel medio, aún en proceso de alcanzar un nivel alto
de las habilidades psicolingüísticas. Finalmente, se recomienda investigar en una
población más amplia, la influencia del teatro en el aprendizaje y en la capacidad
de asociación verbal.
The objective of the investigation is to demonstrate if significant differences exist in abstract and automatic psycholinguistic ability levels in first grade students in regards to the practice of theater at a private Lima Metropolitan institution. For this investigation, a non-experimental descriptive comparison employed in which psycholinguistic abilities and their components are described in students that participate and do not participate in an extra-curricular theater workshop at the school they attend. The study group consisted of 16 first grade students at a Lima Metropolitan private institution that is considered to be in the middle/upper socioeconomic class. The instrument used was the Illinois Psycholinguistic Abilities Test adapted by Ballesteros and Cordero (2004). The results concluded that no significant differences exist between both groups in regard to psycholinguistic abilities, however, the group of students who attended the extracurricular theater workshop obtained better results in auditory activities, while the group of students that did not participate in the workshop did better in visual activities. Specifically, the theater workshop students produced better results in auditory association ability showing a significant difference. On the contrary, the group of students that did not participate in the theater workshop achieved higher levels of verbal fluency, demonstrating significant differences in their favor. In conclusion, the majority of students are in the process of achieving a high level of psycholinguistic abilities. At the same time, an investigation with a larger sample size and the influence of theater on learning and verbal association ability is recommended.
The objective of the investigation is to demonstrate if significant differences exist in abstract and automatic psycholinguistic ability levels in first grade students in regards to the practice of theater at a private Lima Metropolitan institution. For this investigation, a non-experimental descriptive comparison employed in which psycholinguistic abilities and their components are described in students that participate and do not participate in an extra-curricular theater workshop at the school they attend. The study group consisted of 16 first grade students at a Lima Metropolitan private institution that is considered to be in the middle/upper socioeconomic class. The instrument used was the Illinois Psycholinguistic Abilities Test adapted by Ballesteros and Cordero (2004). The results concluded that no significant differences exist between both groups in regard to psycholinguistic abilities, however, the group of students who attended the extracurricular theater workshop obtained better results in auditory activities, while the group of students that did not participate in the workshop did better in visual activities. Specifically, the theater workshop students produced better results in auditory association ability showing a significant difference. On the contrary, the group of students that did not participate in the theater workshop achieved higher levels of verbal fluency, demonstrating significant differences in their favor. In conclusion, the majority of students are in the process of achieving a high level of psycholinguistic abilities. At the same time, an investigation with a larger sample size and the influence of theater on learning and verbal association ability is recommended.
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Keywords
Educación primaria--Investigaciones--Perú--Lima, Comprensión de lectura, Psicolingüística, Teatro--Niños
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