Duelo y experiencias relacionales en adolescentes que han experimentado una pérdida parental
Date
2023-04-19
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo comprender las experiencias relacionales de dos
adolescentes a la luz de sus procesos de duelo por la pérdida parental. El primer objetivo
específico es describir el proceso de duelo de los participantes. El segundo objetivo específico
es describir sus experiencias relacionales con sus otros significativos, con su progenitor vivo y
con su progenitor fallecido. Para lograrlo, se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo, se optó por un
paradigma constructivista y por un marco epistemológico fenomenológico. El diseño elegido
fue de casos múltiples en el que participaron dos adolescentes de 20 años y 18 años, quienes
había experimentado la pérdida parental durante la adolescencia. Se contó con cuatro técnicas
de recolección de información, una ficha sociodemográfica, una carta dirigida al progenitor
fallecido para capturar la vivencia del duelo, una entrevista semiestructurada para ahondar en
los temas de la carta y el Paradigma de Anécdotas Relacionales (Luborsky, 1998). Dentro de
los resultados, se pudo capturar el proceso de duelo de cada uno de los participantes, así como
también fue posible hallar las distintas configuraciones relacionales pertenecientes a cada caso,
tanto para la relación con el progenitor fallecido, como con el vivo y con los otros
significativos. Estos hallazgos permitieron concluir que el duelo es un proceso relacional en el
cual cambian las distintas relaciones del individuo. Al mismo tiempo, el CCRT resulto ser un
instrumento adecuado para lograr este objetivo.
The present study aims to understand the relational experiences of two adolescents through the mourning process due parental loss. The first specific objective is to describe the participants’ mourning process. The second specific object is to describe the participants’ relational experiences with their significant Others, the ones with their living parent and the ones with their deceased parent. For this, a qualitative approach was used, a constructivist paradigm and a phenomenological epistemological framework were selected. The selected design was a multiple-case study in which two adolescents’ who were 20 and 18 years old and experienced parental loss during adolescence, participated. Four techniques to gather information were selected. The first one was a sociodemographic record, the second a letter to the deceased parent, which aimed to capture the mourning experience. Third, a semi-structured interview was used to deepen in the letter contents and finally, the Relationship Anecdotes Paradigm interview (Luborsky, 1998) was applied. The results shew that it was possible to register the mourning process of each participant and their respective relational configurations with the deceased parent, with the living one and with their significant Others. The findings of the study allowed the investigator to conclude that the mourning process is relational. This means that the relations that the individual used to have, have gone through changes. At the same time, the CCRT was proven to be an appropriate instrument to achieve this objective.
The present study aims to understand the relational experiences of two adolescents through the mourning process due parental loss. The first specific objective is to describe the participants’ mourning process. The second specific object is to describe the participants’ relational experiences with their significant Others, the ones with their living parent and the ones with their deceased parent. For this, a qualitative approach was used, a constructivist paradigm and a phenomenological epistemological framework were selected. The selected design was a multiple-case study in which two adolescents’ who were 20 and 18 years old and experienced parental loss during adolescence, participated. Four techniques to gather information were selected. The first one was a sociodemographic record, the second a letter to the deceased parent, which aimed to capture the mourning experience. Third, a semi-structured interview was used to deepen in the letter contents and finally, the Relationship Anecdotes Paradigm interview (Luborsky, 1998) was applied. The results shew that it was possible to register the mourning process of each participant and their respective relational configurations with the deceased parent, with the living one and with their significant Others. The findings of the study allowed the investigator to conclude that the mourning process is relational. This means that the relations that the individual used to have, have gone through changes. At the same time, the CCRT was proven to be an appropriate instrument to achieve this objective.
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Keywords
Pérdida (Psicología)--Adolescentes, Deprivación paterna-Aspectos pscicológicos, Relaciones interpersonales
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