Análisis del proceso de implementación de las políticas públicas para la prevención de la violencia familiar y sexual contra niños, niñas y adolescentes en las IE de la provincia de Arequipa 2018 – 2021
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La violencia familiar y sexual contra menores de edad se ha incrementado, se
busca distintas estrategias para enfrentar este fenómeno, uno de los lugares donde se
realiza el trabajo preventivo para la detección de casos de violencia son las escuelas;
en ese sentido nos preguntamos ¿Cómo ha sido el proceso de implementación de las
políticas de prevención de la violencia familiar y sexual contra estudiantes desde las
instituciones educativas en el 2018 hasta 2021 en la provincia de Arequipa? Nos
interesa, analizar el proceso de implementación de las Políticas Públicas relacionadas
a la prevención de la violencia desde las IE, cuando el agresor es un familiar o un
desconocido, es decir, se analizará la intervención del personal educativo cuando se
identifica un presunto hecho de violencia contra los estudiantes perpetrada fuera de la
IE.
La metodología que se utilizó es el enfoque cualitativo con un análisis
descriptivo, para lo cual se realizó entrevistas semi estructuradas a docentes y
directores de los colegios, a funcionarios del Programa Nacional Aurora y la Policía
Nacional que laboraron durante el periodo de estudio. Estas herramientas permitieron
conocer las PP implementadas para la protección de la violencia familiar y sexual de
menores de edad, establecidos en el DS 004 – 2018 Minedu; asimismo, hacer un
análisis de las redes de prevención conformadas por distintas instituciones y lideradas
por las IE. que articulan y coordinan para el trabajo preventivo; así también, conocer
los problemas de implementación. Con los resultados, se espera contribuir en la
formulación de estrategias efectivas que sirva como herramienta para los tomadores de
decisiones y evaluadores de las PP de prevención de la violencia familiar y sexual en
contra de los menores de edad.
Con todo lo mencionado, se concluye que los instrumentos de gestión
nacionales y locales no se encuentran alineados en objetivos ni indicadores, se carece
de información estadística de casos reportados de violencia familiar y sexual por las IE,
los espacios de concertación se limitan a la discusión y no ha determinar acciones
concretas. La falta de un trabajo interinstitucional sólido y efectivo, desalienta al
personal educativo no cumplir con lo que indica el marco normativo, lo que les impulsa
a utilizar distintos mecanismos que van en contra de los objetivos del DS. 004-2018
Minedu.
Family and sexual violence against minors has increased, different strategies are sought to address this phenomenon, one of the places where preventive work is carried out to detect cases of violence are schools; in that sense we wonder how has been the process of implementation of policies for the prevention of family and sexual violence against students from schools during 2018 to 2021 in the province of Arequipa? We are interested in analysing the process of implementation of public policies related to the prevention of violence in schools when the aggressor is a family member or a stranger, i.e. we will analyse the intervention of educational staff when an alleged act of violence against students perpetrated outside the school is identified. The methodology used was a qualitative approach with a descriptive analysis, for which semi-structured interviews were conducted with teachers and school principals, officials from the Aurora National Programme and the National Police who worked during the study period. These tools allowed us to learn about the public policies implemented for the protection of minors against family and sexual violence, established in the DS 004 - 2018 Minedu; also, to analyse the prevention networks formed by different institutions and led by the schools, which articulate and coordinate for preventive work; as well as to learn about the problems of implementation. The results are expected to contribute to the formulation of effective strategies that will serve as a tool for decisionmakers and evaluators of public policies for the prevention of family and sexual violence against minors. With all of the above, it can be concluded that the national and local management instruments are not aligned in terms of objectives or indicators, there is a lack of statistical information on cases of family and sexual violence reported by schools, and the spaces for agreement are limited to discussion and have not determined concrete actions. The lack of solid and effective inter-institutional work discourages educational staff from complying with the regulatory framework, which encourages them to use different mechanisms that go against the objectives of DS. 004-2018 Minedu.
Family and sexual violence against minors has increased, different strategies are sought to address this phenomenon, one of the places where preventive work is carried out to detect cases of violence are schools; in that sense we wonder how has been the process of implementation of policies for the prevention of family and sexual violence against students from schools during 2018 to 2021 in the province of Arequipa? We are interested in analysing the process of implementation of public policies related to the prevention of violence in schools when the aggressor is a family member or a stranger, i.e. we will analyse the intervention of educational staff when an alleged act of violence against students perpetrated outside the school is identified. The methodology used was a qualitative approach with a descriptive analysis, for which semi-structured interviews were conducted with teachers and school principals, officials from the Aurora National Programme and the National Police who worked during the study period. These tools allowed us to learn about the public policies implemented for the protection of minors against family and sexual violence, established in the DS 004 - 2018 Minedu; also, to analyse the prevention networks formed by different institutions and led by the schools, which articulate and coordinate for preventive work; as well as to learn about the problems of implementation. The results are expected to contribute to the formulation of effective strategies that will serve as a tool for decisionmakers and evaluators of public policies for the prevention of family and sexual violence against minors. With all of the above, it can be concluded that the national and local management instruments are not aligned in terms of objectives or indicators, there is a lack of statistical information on cases of family and sexual violence reported by schools, and the spaces for agreement are limited to discussion and have not determined concrete actions. The lack of solid and effective inter-institutional work discourages educational staff from complying with the regulatory framework, which encourages them to use different mechanisms that go against the objectives of DS. 004-2018 Minedu.
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Violencia familiar--Perú--Arequipa--Prevención, Abuso sexual de niños--Perú--Arequipa--Prevención, Derechos del niño--Perú--Arequipa, Políticas públicas--Perú--Arequipa, Escuelas--Perú--Arequipa
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