Factores que inciden en la operación de comités productivos en cuatro comunidades nativas en el departamento de Ucayali para la asociatividad con fines comerciales
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El Programa de Manejo de Bosques Comunales de AIDER apoya la
operación de comités productivos para mejorar la organización empresarial
en comunidades nativas de Ucayali, los cuales presentan dificultades para
funcionar empresarialmente.
El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar los factores que inciden en la
operación de estos comités. Fue de tipo cualitativa y cuantitativa,
aplicándose una encuesta a 59 hombres y mujeres integrantes de los
comités y entrevistas a líderes comunales y representantes del programa.
Se identificó que la mayoría de socios encuestados cuenta con un bajo nivel
educativo, alta carga familiar y no se dedican exclusivamente a las
actividades de los comités; asimismo, que valores tradicionales, como los
relacionados la reciprocidad, están debilitados. Los comités están
alineados al uso tradicional de la tierra y existe capital social para la
asociatividad, pero los socios no conocen totalmente su estructura
organizativa. La mayoría de socios calificó como buena la asistencia
técnica realizada por el programa, pero algunos no comprenden totalmente
los objetivos y herramientas. La aplicación de nuevas prácticas y la mejor
organización para la producción fueron identificados como los principales
cambios logrados con los comités, y la mejora de salud y educación son los
principales beneficios esperados.
Se concluyó que los aspectos socioeconómicos y culturales de los socios
y la asistencia técnica del programa son factores que inciden en la
operación de los comités y que éstos requieren desarrollar su propia cultura
organizacional empresarial de acuerdo a sus características como pueblos
indígenas asentados en comunidades nativas.
AIDER's Communal Forest Management Program supports the operation of productive committees to improve business organization in native communities in Ucayali, which face difficulties in operating as businesses. The objective of this research was to analyze the factors that influence the operation of these committees. The research was qualitative and quantitative, with a survey of 59 men and women committee members and interviews with community leaders and program representatives. It was found that the majority of members surveyed have a low educational level, heavy family burdens, and are not exclusively dedicated to committee activities. Furthermore, traditional values, such as those related to reciprocity, are weakened. The committees are aligned with traditional land use, and social capital exists for associativity, but members are not fully familiar with their organizational structure. Most members rated the technical assistance provided by the program as positive, but some did not fully understand its objectives and tools. The implementation of new practices and improved production organization were identified as the main changes achieved with the committees, and improved health and education were the main expected benefits. It was concluded that the socioeconomic and cultural aspects of the committees’ members and the program's technical assistance are factors that influence the committees' operations and that they need to develop their own business organizational culture in line with their characteristics as indigenous peoples settled in native communities.
AIDER's Communal Forest Management Program supports the operation of productive committees to improve business organization in native communities in Ucayali, which face difficulties in operating as businesses. The objective of this research was to analyze the factors that influence the operation of these committees. The research was qualitative and quantitative, with a survey of 59 men and women committee members and interviews with community leaders and program representatives. It was found that the majority of members surveyed have a low educational level, heavy family burdens, and are not exclusively dedicated to committee activities. Furthermore, traditional values, such as those related to reciprocity, are weakened. The committees are aligned with traditional land use, and social capital exists for associativity, but members are not fully familiar with their organizational structure. Most members rated the technical assistance provided by the program as positive, but some did not fully understand its objectives and tools. The implementation of new practices and improved production organization were identified as the main changes achieved with the committees, and improved health and education were the main expected benefits. It was concluded that the socioeconomic and cultural aspects of the committees’ members and the program's technical assistance are factors that influence the committees' operations and that they need to develop their own business organizational culture in line with their characteristics as indigenous peoples settled in native communities.
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Bosques--Administración--Perú--Ucayali, Desarrollo económico--Perú--Ucayali, Capital social--Perú--Ucayali, Comunidades nativas--Asociaciones--Perú--Ucayali
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