Conocimiento del TDL en docentes de inicial y primaria de instituciones públicas de Lima Norte y Lima Centro
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar si existen
diferencias significativas en el nivel de conocimiento del Trastorno del Desarrollo del
Lenguaje entre docentes del nivel inicial y primaria en instituciones educativas
públicas de Lima Norte y Lima Centro. Este estudio corresponde a un enfoque
cuantitativo de tipo aplicada y diseño descriptivo comparativo. Se contó con una
muestra conformada por noventa y cinco (95) docentes: 52 profesoras de inicial y 43
docentes de primaria, a quienes se aplicó una versión adaptada del “Cuestionario de
Conocimiento del Trastorno del Desarrollo del Lenguaje (TDL)”, de Caballero y
Ushijima (2023), el cual consta de 20 ítems, en 4 dimensiones: Definición,
Características, Factores de Riesgo y Señales de alerta y Derivación. En los
resultados, se encontraron diferencias significativas en el nivel de conocimiento: el
37.9% alcanzó un nivel bajo, el 34.7% un nivel moderado, y el 27.4% un nivel alto, a
favor de las docentes del nivel inicial. De igual manera, en el análisis de cada
dimensión, se obtuvo diferencias significativas a favor de las docentes de inicial en
las dimensiones Definición y Características, mientras que, en Factores de riesgo y
señales de alerta y en la dimensión Derivación, no se encontraron diferencias
significativas entre los docentes de inicial y primaria. A pesar de que los niveles de
conocimiento de los docentes de ambos grupos se encuentran en su mayoría en un
nivel bajo, las docentes de inicial destacan. Por lo cual, se concluye un mayor
conocimiento en el TDL a favor de las docentes de inicial, sin embargo, estos
conocimientos se ubican en un nivel bajo a moderado.
The objective of this research is to determine if there are significant differences in the level of knowledge about Development Language Disorder between teachers of early childhood and elementary school in public educational institutions in North Lima and Central Lima. This study corresponds to an applied quantitative approach and a descriptive comparative design. The sample consisted of ninety-five (95) teachers, 52 pre-school teachers and 43 primary school teachers: 52 pre-school teachers and 43 elementary school teachers, to whom an adapted version of the “Questionnaire of Knowledge of the Development Language Disorder (DLD)”, by Caballero and Ushijima (2023), which consists of 20 items, in 4 dimensions, was applied: Definition, Characteristics, Risk Factors, and Warning Signs and Referral. In the results, significant differences were found in the level of knowledge: 37.9% reached a low level, 34.7% a moderate level, and 27.4% a high level, in favor of teachers at the initial level. Similarly, in the analysis of each dimension, significant differences were found in favor of pre-school teachers in the Definition and Characteristics dimensions, while in Risk factors and warning signs and in the Referral dimension, no significant differences were found between preschool and elementary school teachers. Despite the fact that the knowledge levels of teachers in both groups are mostly at a low level, pre-service teachers stand out. Therefore, it is concluded that there is a greater knowledge of TDL in favor of preschool teachers, however, this knowledge is located at a low to moderate level.
The objective of this research is to determine if there are significant differences in the level of knowledge about Development Language Disorder between teachers of early childhood and elementary school in public educational institutions in North Lima and Central Lima. This study corresponds to an applied quantitative approach and a descriptive comparative design. The sample consisted of ninety-five (95) teachers, 52 pre-school teachers and 43 primary school teachers: 52 pre-school teachers and 43 elementary school teachers, to whom an adapted version of the “Questionnaire of Knowledge of the Development Language Disorder (DLD)”, by Caballero and Ushijima (2023), which consists of 20 items, in 4 dimensions, was applied: Definition, Characteristics, Risk Factors, and Warning Signs and Referral. In the results, significant differences were found in the level of knowledge: 37.9% reached a low level, 34.7% a moderate level, and 27.4% a high level, in favor of teachers at the initial level. Similarly, in the analysis of each dimension, significant differences were found in favor of pre-school teachers in the Definition and Characteristics dimensions, while in Risk factors and warning signs and in the Referral dimension, no significant differences were found between preschool and elementary school teachers. Despite the fact that the knowledge levels of teachers in both groups are mostly at a low level, pre-service teachers stand out. Therefore, it is concluded that there is a greater knowledge of TDL in favor of preschool teachers, however, this knowledge is located at a low to moderate level.
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Fonoaudiología, Trastornos del habla en niños, Personal docente--Capacitación
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