Modelo ProLab: “Contrasequía: Propuesta sostenible para captar agua de lluvia y mejorar la calidad de vida de los agricultores de Sicaya”
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
El Perú es un país donde la agricultura y la ganadería representan actividades
económicas fundamentales. Según el Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI), la
agricultura aporta entre el 8% y 10% del Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) y constituye la fuente
principal de sustento para numerosas familias. Sin embargo, este sector enfrenta desafíos críticos
como la falta de apoyo gubernamental, la escasa capacitación de los agricultores, los impactos
del cambio climático y en particular, la falta de agua durante los meses de mayo a agosto, cuando
no se registran precipitaciones. Esta situación es especialmente grave en Sicaya, provincia
ubicada en el Valle del Mantaro, departamento de Junín, donde los agricultores enfrentan altos
niveles de pobreza y desigualdad social. Según el Banco Mundial, el cambio climático podría
reducir la productividad agrícola en la región andina hasta en un 30% para 2050 si no se
implementan medidas de adaptación adecuadas.
La propuesta Contrasequía, ofrece una solución innovadora para los agricultores de
Sicaya, basada en un sistema integrado que combina la captación de agua de lluvia, su
almacenamiento en tanques Rotoplas, riego tecnificado por goteo y sensores de humedad del
suelo. Este enfoque optimiza el uso del agua y garantiza el riego durante los meses de sequía,
eliminando la dependencia del agua de río y permitiendo a los agricultores mantener la actividad
agrícola durante todo el año. Estudios de la FAO indican que el riego por goteo tiene el potencial
de disminuir el uso de agua en un 30-60% y aumentar los rendimientos de los cultivos hasta en
un 50%. Asimismo, los sensores de humedad mejoran la eficiencia hídrica al ajustar el riego
según las necesidades del suelo y las plantas.
La implementación de Contrasequía, no solo asegura la continuidad de la producción
agrícola, sino que también mejora la calidad de los productos, aumenta las ganancias de los
agricultores y mejora la calidad de vida de sus familias. El modelo de negocio proyecta un
retorno del 119% sobre la inversión inicial, generando S/. 17,414.89 por cada equipo instalado,
lo que garantiza su viabilidad económica y su capacidad de generar impacto sostenible.
Este proyecto contribuye directamente a reducir la brecha de pobreza en Sicaya,
promoviendo el desarrollo económico y mejorando las condiciones de vida de los agricultores.
Según el Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego de Perú (MIDAGRI), la adopción de tecnologías de
riego tecnificado puede incrementar la productividad agrícola en un 40%, beneficiando a
comunidades rurales y reduciendo la desigualdad en zonas vulnerables. Contrasequía, no solo
representa una solución innovadora para la escasez de agua, sino que también es un modelo
sostenible que impulsa el desarrollo rural y la resiliencia climática en Sicaya y otras regiones
similares.
Peru is a country where agriculture and livestock farming represent fundamental economic activities. According to the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI), agriculture contributes between 8% and 10% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and constitutes the main source of livelihood for numerous families. However, this sector faces critical challenges such as lack of government support, poor training of farmers, the impacts of climate change and, in particular, the lack of water during the months of May to August, when there is no rainfall. This situation is especially serious in Sicaya, a province located in the Mantaro Valley, Junín department, where farmers face high levels of poverty and social inequality. According to the World Bank, climate change could reduce agricultural productivity in the Andean region by up to 30% by 2050 if adequate adaptation measures are not implemented. The Contrasequía proposal offers an innovative solution for Sicaya farmers, based on an integrated system that combines rainwater harvesting, its storage in Rotoplas tanks, drip irrigation and soil moisture sensors. This approach optimizes water use and guarantees irrigation during dry months, eliminating dependence on river water and allowing farmers to maintain agricultural activity throughout the year. FAO studies indicate that drip irrigation has the potential to reduce water use by 30-60% and increase crop yields by up to 50%. In addition, moisture sensors improve water efficiency by adjusting irrigation according to the needs of the soil and plants. The implementation of Contrasequía not only ensures the continuity of agricultural production, but also improves the quality of products, increases farmers' profits and improves the quality of life of their families. The business model projects a return of 119% on the initial investment, generating S/. 17,414.89 for each installed equipment, which guarantees its economic viability and its capacity to generate sustainable impact. This project directly contributes to reducing the poverty gap in Sicaya, promoting economic development and improving the living conditions of farmers. According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation of Peru (MIDAGRI), the adoption of technical irrigation technologies can increase agricultural productivity by 40%, benefiting rural communities and reducing inequality in vulnerable areas. Contrasequía not only represents an innovative solution to water scarcity, but is also a sustainable model that drives rural development and climate resilience in Sicaya and other similar regions.
Peru is a country where agriculture and livestock farming represent fundamental economic activities. According to the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI), agriculture contributes between 8% and 10% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and constitutes the main source of livelihood for numerous families. However, this sector faces critical challenges such as lack of government support, poor training of farmers, the impacts of climate change and, in particular, the lack of water during the months of May to August, when there is no rainfall. This situation is especially serious in Sicaya, a province located in the Mantaro Valley, Junín department, where farmers face high levels of poverty and social inequality. According to the World Bank, climate change could reduce agricultural productivity in the Andean region by up to 30% by 2050 if adequate adaptation measures are not implemented. The Contrasequía proposal offers an innovative solution for Sicaya farmers, based on an integrated system that combines rainwater harvesting, its storage in Rotoplas tanks, drip irrigation and soil moisture sensors. This approach optimizes water use and guarantees irrigation during dry months, eliminating dependence on river water and allowing farmers to maintain agricultural activity throughout the year. FAO studies indicate that drip irrigation has the potential to reduce water use by 30-60% and increase crop yields by up to 50%. In addition, moisture sensors improve water efficiency by adjusting irrigation according to the needs of the soil and plants. The implementation of Contrasequía not only ensures the continuity of agricultural production, but also improves the quality of products, increases farmers' profits and improves the quality of life of their families. The business model projects a return of 119% on the initial investment, generating S/. 17,414.89 for each installed equipment, which guarantees its economic viability and its capacity to generate sustainable impact. This project directly contributes to reducing the poverty gap in Sicaya, promoting economic development and improving the living conditions of farmers. According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation of Peru (MIDAGRI), the adoption of technical irrigation technologies can increase agricultural productivity by 40%, benefiting rural communities and reducing inequality in vulnerable areas. Contrasequía not only represents an innovative solution to water scarcity, but is also a sustainable model that drives rural development and climate resilience in Sicaya and other similar regions.
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Palabras clave
Sistemas de riego--Perú--Junín, Riego por goteo--Control automático, Productividad agrícola
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