Descubriéndome: el proceso de salir del closet de adolescentes LGB que estudian artes escénicas
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La experiencia de salir del closet, que implica el autorreconocimiento y revelación de la
orientación sexual, es un hito fundamental en la construcción de la identidad sexual de las
personas LGBTQ+, pues conlleva cambios significativos en la vida personal y social.
Considerando que este proceso no ha sido estudiado lo suficiente en el Perú, la presente
investigación tuvo el objetivo general de explorar el proceso de salir del closet en
adolescentes tardíos LGB de Lima Metropolitana que estudian artes escénicas. Como
objetivos específicos, se planteó analizar las experiencias intrapersonales e interpersonales en
el proceso de salir del closet, y analizar la influencia del entorno sociocultural en el proceso
de salir del closet. Para alcanzar los objetivos, se adoptó un abordaje cualitativo con marco
epistemológico fenomenológico. La información fue analizada mediante un análisis temático
que organizó la información en torno a 3 ejes: Autorreconocimiento, Revelación de la
orientación sexual, y No soy la misma persona que era antes. De manera general, se
concluyó que el contexto social y cultural influyen significativamente sobre la cualidad de la
experiencia de los/as participantes. Así, el proceso de autorreconocimiento varió en función
de la estructura de oportunidades en la que se encontraban inmersos. Además, se encontró
que la forma de comunicar su orientación sexual, y el cómo fue recibido, varió según el
receptor y el nivel de control que se tuviera sobre la experiencia. Por último, se evidenció que
esta experiencia tuvo impactos tanto positivos como negativos, a nivel intrapersonal e
interpersonal.
The coming out experience, which involves self-identification and sexual orientation disclosure, is a fundamental milestone within the sexual identity development process of LGBTQ+ people. As such, it entails significant transformation, both at the individual and interpersonal level. However, we find limited research around this issue, specially within the Peruvian context. Because of this, the present study sought to explore the coming out process of a group of LGB late adolescents from Lima Metropolitana who study performing arts. The specific objectives were to analyze the intrapersonal and interpersonal experiences involved in the coming-out process, and to examine the influence of the sociocultural environment on this process. It was decided that to achieve these objectives it would be best to opt for a phenomenological epistemological framework. A thematic analysis was used, which allowed for the findings to be distributed in three thematic dimensions: Self-recognition, Sexual orientation disclosure, and I’m not the same person as I was before. In general, it was concluded that social and cultural contexts significantly influenced participants’ subjective experiences. Thus, the self-recognition process of each participant varied according to the opportunity structure they were immersed in. Furthermore, sexual orientation disclosure, and the way this was received by others, was dependent on the recipient and the level of control each participant had over the experience. Finally, it was discovered that the coming out process had both a positive and negative impact at the intrapersonal and interpersonal level for each participant.
The coming out experience, which involves self-identification and sexual orientation disclosure, is a fundamental milestone within the sexual identity development process of LGBTQ+ people. As such, it entails significant transformation, both at the individual and interpersonal level. However, we find limited research around this issue, specially within the Peruvian context. Because of this, the present study sought to explore the coming out process of a group of LGB late adolescents from Lima Metropolitana who study performing arts. The specific objectives were to analyze the intrapersonal and interpersonal experiences involved in the coming-out process, and to examine the influence of the sociocultural environment on this process. It was decided that to achieve these objectives it would be best to opt for a phenomenological epistemological framework. A thematic analysis was used, which allowed for the findings to be distributed in three thematic dimensions: Self-recognition, Sexual orientation disclosure, and I’m not the same person as I was before. In general, it was concluded that social and cultural contexts significantly influenced participants’ subjective experiences. Thus, the self-recognition process of each participant varied according to the opportunity structure they were immersed in. Furthermore, sexual orientation disclosure, and the way this was received by others, was dependent on the recipient and the level of control each participant had over the experience. Finally, it was discovered that the coming out process had both a positive and negative impact at the intrapersonal and interpersonal level for each participant.
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Orientación sexual--Aspectos psicológicos, Estudiantes universitarios--Investigaciones--Perú--Lima, Psicología del adolescente
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