Informe jurídico sobre la Resolución N° 7 de fecha 25 de octubre de 2025 recaída en el Expediente N° 00674-2023- 0-1817-SP-CO-02
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El presente informe analiza la demanda de anulación de laudo arbitral
interpuesta por Provias Nacional contra China Railway, en el marco de un
arbitraje derivado de un contrato sujeto a la Ley de Contrataciones del Estado.
El tribunal arbitral declaró fundada una excepción de incompetencia,
argumentando que ya existía un tribunal previamente constituido con
competencia para conocer todas las controversias vinculadas al mismo contrato.
La Entidad alegó vulneración a su derecho de acceso a la justicia y cuestionó la
imparcialidad de la árbitra designada por la contraparte, por su reiterada
participación en arbitrajes promovidos por dicha empresa.
Se ha realizado una investigación aplicando instrumentos normativos tales como
el Decreto Legislativo Nº 1071 (Ley de Arbitraje), la Ley Nº 30225 (Ley de
Contrataciones del Estado) y su reglamento, la Constitución Política del Perú,
así como estándares internacionales como las Reglas IBA sobre Conflictos de
Interés. También se recurrió a jurisprudencia constitucional y doctrina
especializada en arbitraje y debido proceso.
Se concluye que el laudo no presenta vicios que justifiquen su anulación, toda
vez que Provias Nacional no cumplió con solicitar la acumulación de
pretensiones ante el tribunal competente. No obstante, se plantean propuestas
para mejorar la regulación aplicable a la consolidación de arbitrajes en el marco
de contrataciones estatales. Del mismo modo, si bien la reiterada designación
de la árbitra no afectó su imparcialidad en el caso concreto, se recomienda
fortalecer la normativa nacional y establecer criterios cualitativos que orienten la
evaluación de este tipo de situaciones.
This report analyzes the request for annulment of an arbitral award filed by Provias Nacional against China Railway, within the framework of an arbitration arising from a contract governed by the Law on State Procurement. The arbitral tribunal upheld an objection to its jurisdiction, arguing that a previously constituted tribunal already had competence to hear all disputes related to the same contract. Provias Nacional alleged a violation of its right of access to justice and challenged the impartiality of the arbitrator appointed by the opposing party, due to her repeated appointments in arbitrations promoted by that company. The analysis applies legal instruments such as Legislative Decree No. 1071 (Arbitration Law), Law No. 30225 (Law on State Procurement) and its regulations, the Political Constitution of Peru, as well as international standards such as the IBA Guidelines on Conflicts of Interest. Constitutional case law and specialized doctrine on arbitration and due process were also consulted. It is concluded that the arbitral award does not present any defects that would justify its annulment, since Provias Nacional failed to request the accumulation of claims before the competent tribunal. Nevertheless, proposals are made to improve the regulation applicable to the consolidation of arbitrations arising from state procurement contracts. Similarly, although the repeated appointment of the arbitrator did not affect her impartiality in this specific case, it is recommended to strengthen national regulations and establish qualitative criteria to guide the assessment of such situations.
This report analyzes the request for annulment of an arbitral award filed by Provias Nacional against China Railway, within the framework of an arbitration arising from a contract governed by the Law on State Procurement. The arbitral tribunal upheld an objection to its jurisdiction, arguing that a previously constituted tribunal already had competence to hear all disputes related to the same contract. Provias Nacional alleged a violation of its right of access to justice and challenged the impartiality of the arbitrator appointed by the opposing party, due to her repeated appointments in arbitrations promoted by that company. The analysis applies legal instruments such as Legislative Decree No. 1071 (Arbitration Law), Law No. 30225 (Law on State Procurement) and its regulations, the Political Constitution of Peru, as well as international standards such as the IBA Guidelines on Conflicts of Interest. Constitutional case law and specialized doctrine on arbitration and due process were also consulted. It is concluded that the arbitral award does not present any defects that would justify its annulment, since Provias Nacional failed to request the accumulation of claims before the competent tribunal. Nevertheless, proposals are made to improve the regulation applicable to the consolidation of arbitrations arising from state procurement contracts. Similarly, although the repeated appointment of the arbitrator did not affect her impartiality in this specific case, it is recommended to strengthen national regulations and establish qualitative criteria to guide the assessment of such situations.
Descripción
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Arbitraje y laudo--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Nulidad (Derecho), Contratos públicos--Perú, Competencia (Derecho)--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Árbitros--Ética profesional
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