Manitos Sensoriales: Conjunto de módulos recreativos para mejorar la coordinación motriz de niños autistas de nivel 2 con hipotonía, para el colegio inicial IEI 346 Las Palmeras
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El juego y la recreación son fundamentales para el desarrollo integral de los
infantes, tal como establece la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño, al
contribuir al fortalecimiento físico, cognitivo y emocional. En la educación inicial, el
juego favorece habilidades como la memoria, la atención, la coordinación y la
socialización. No obstante, los menores con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA)
enfrentan desafíos adicionales en su desarrollo psicomotor, como la hipotonía, que
afecta el tono muscular y la coordinación de movimientos. Diversos estudios sobre
recreación terapéutica evidencian un impacto positivo del desarrollo motriz y
emocional de esta población, destacando su potencial como herramienta para
fortalecer la motricidad y la autorregulación sensorial.
Pese a estos beneficios, los infantes TEA continúan afrontando las barreras del
sistema educativo (la falta de espacios y recursos adecuados para estimular su
desarrollo motor de manera inclusiva). Ante esta realidad, la presente investigación
se centra en la Institución Educativa Inicial N.° 346 Las Palmeras (UGEL 02, Lima)
con el propósito de diseñar e implementar módulos recreativos que fortalezcan la
motricidad fina y gruesa de los miembros superiores en infantes de 4 años con TEA
de nivel 2 e hipotonía. Combinando juegos físicos y sensoriales que permiten la
participación individual y grupal, fomentando el ejercicio, la socialización y la
autorregulación emocional en un entorno seguro y accesible.
Este proyecto, sustentado en una revisión de literatura sobre autismo, hipotonía,
psicomotricidad y recreación en el nivel inicial, aporta una solución contextualizada
al entorno educativo peruano, reduciendo las brechas en el desarrollo motor y
ofreciendo un recurso que promueva la inclusión y el aprendizaje a través del juego.
Play and recreation are fundamental for children’s overall development, as established by the Convention on the Rights of the Child, as they strengthen physical, cognitive, and emotional abilities. In early childhood education, play enhances key skills such as memory, attention, coordination, and socialization. However, children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face additional challenges in their psychomotor development, including hypotonia, which affects muscle tone and movement coordination. Various studies on therapeutic recreation demonstrate its positive impact on motor and emotional development, highlighting its potential as a tool to improve motor skills and sensory self-regulation. Despite these benefits, children with ASD continue to face barriers within the educational system, including a lack of adequate spaces and resources to promote inclusive motor development. In response to this need, the present research focuses on the Initial Educational Institution No. 346 Las Palmeras (UGEL 02, Lima) with the aim of designing and implementing recreational modules to strengthen fine and gross motor skills of the upper limbs in four-year-old children with level 2 ASD and hypotonia. The proposal integrates physical and sensory games that allow both individual and group participation, encouraging exercise, social interaction, and emotional self-regulation in a safe and accessible environment. Grounded in a literature review on autism, hypotonia, psychomotricity, and recreation in early education, this project seeks to provide a contextualized solution for the Peruvian educational setting, reducing motor development gaps and offering an innovative resource that promotes inclusion and learning through play.
Play and recreation are fundamental for children’s overall development, as established by the Convention on the Rights of the Child, as they strengthen physical, cognitive, and emotional abilities. In early childhood education, play enhances key skills such as memory, attention, coordination, and socialization. However, children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face additional challenges in their psychomotor development, including hypotonia, which affects muscle tone and movement coordination. Various studies on therapeutic recreation demonstrate its positive impact on motor and emotional development, highlighting its potential as a tool to improve motor skills and sensory self-regulation. Despite these benefits, children with ASD continue to face barriers within the educational system, including a lack of adequate spaces and resources to promote inclusive motor development. In response to this need, the present research focuses on the Initial Educational Institution No. 346 Las Palmeras (UGEL 02, Lima) with the aim of designing and implementing recreational modules to strengthen fine and gross motor skills of the upper limbs in four-year-old children with level 2 ASD and hypotonia. The proposal integrates physical and sensory games that allow both individual and group participation, encouraging exercise, social interaction, and emotional self-regulation in a safe and accessible environment. Grounded in a literature review on autism, hypotonia, psychomotricity, and recreation in early education, this project seeks to provide a contextualized solution for the Peruvian educational setting, reducing motor development gaps and offering an innovative resource that promotes inclusion and learning through play.
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Juegos educativos--Diseño y construcción, Niños autistas--Educación, Sistema muscular--Enfermedades, Psicomotricidad infantil
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
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