Conciencia fonológica, memoria fonológica y velocidad de denominación, en niños con problemas de aprendizaje de la lectura.
Files
Date
2014-03-17
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar si 35 niños de segundo
grado de primaria con dislexia presentan dificultades en habilidades implicadas en
el procesamiento fonológico, como son la conciencia fonológica, la memoria de
trabajo fonológica y la velocidad de denominación. Los niños fueron evaluados en
diferentes tareas de conciencia fonológica, en la repetición de palabras y
pseudopalabras de diferente metría, y en tareas de denominación de imágenes y
números. Nuestros resultados muestran que el 77% de los niños tuvo dificultades
para procesar pseudopalabras frecuentes y el 68, 6% para pseudopalabras no
frecuentes; Por otro lado, el 85,7% presento lentitud en las tareas de
denominación. Se concluye que, en los niños con dislexia, existen limitaciones en
la memoria de trabajo fonológica y lentitud para acceder las representaciones
almacenadas en la memoria a largo plazo. En contraste, el 100% de los niños
evaluados no mostró dificultades a nivel de conciencia fonológica. Se discute sobre las implicancias de estos resultados, así como sobre las razones por las
cuales consideramos que estos niños, a pesar de sus dificultades lectoras, habrían
presentado un adecuado desempeño en las tareas de conciencia fonológica.
The aim of the present empiric study is to examine whether 35 second grade children with dyslexia exhibit impairments in phonological abilities such as phonological awareness, working memory and naming speed. Children were tested in several phonological awareness tasks; processing nonsense and familiar words from one to four syllables; and naming pictures and numbers. Results showed that 77% of children presented troubles in the ability of repeating frequent nonsense words and 68, 6% presented troubles in repeating infrequent nonsense words. In contrast, 85,7% of children were slow in naming tasks. These findings suggest that dyslexia children exhibit a deficit in working memory and in naming speed. Regarding phonological awareness, 100% of children demonstrated to have phonological awareness abilities. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, including the reasons why we consider these children presented an adequate phonological awareness performance even though their reading impariements.
The aim of the present empiric study is to examine whether 35 second grade children with dyslexia exhibit impairments in phonological abilities such as phonological awareness, working memory and naming speed. Children were tested in several phonological awareness tasks; processing nonsense and familiar words from one to four syllables; and naming pictures and numbers. Results showed that 77% of children presented troubles in the ability of repeating frequent nonsense words and 68, 6% presented troubles in repeating infrequent nonsense words. In contrast, 85,7% of children were slow in naming tasks. These findings suggest that dyslexia children exhibit a deficit in working memory and in naming speed. Regarding phonological awareness, 100% of children demonstrated to have phonological awareness abilities. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, including the reasons why we consider these children presented an adequate phonological awareness performance even though their reading impariements.
Description
Keywords
Dislexia., Lectura--Dificultades., Educación primaria--Perú--Investigaciones.
Citation
Endorsement
Review
Supplemented By
Referenced By
Creative Commons license
Except where otherwised noted, this item's license is described as info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess