Mejora de la Normativa Minero Ambiental Actual del Cierre de Minas Peruano – Unidad Minera Florencia Tucari
Date
2023-08-01
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Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
A nivel nacional e internacional, los proyectos mineros generan grandes ingresos
económicos, pero a su vez, pueden traer consigo diversos problemas ambientales a
causa de las actividades que se realizan para lograr que se ejecuten. En ese sentido, la
política regulatoria asume el rol de evitar, controlar o mitigar dichos impactos; no
obstante, por un mal planteamiento de la norma, una incorrecta interpretación o
aplicación y gestión, se ocasionan perjuicios y externalidades.
Al respecto, con el objeto de asegurar la continuidad de un ecosistema y medio ambiente
saludable, el cierre de minas, se adopta como la solución más óptima y eficaz para lograr
dicho propósito. En ese sentido, en base al método de estudio de caso del Proyecto
Minero Florencia Tucari, las constantes modificatorias a su plan de cierre y falta de
ejecución de garantía conforme a su planificación presupuestal; el presente trabajo
busca como objetivo que la regulación y gestión de un cierre de minas sea observado
desde distintas aristas, a efectos de buscar las mejores alternativas de solución, como
la puesta en práctica de mecanismos adoptados por otras regulaciones, buenas
prácticas y lineamientos normativos que podrían ser modificados o reformulados para
obtener mejores resultados.
Las conclusiones se encuentran formuladas en base a lo estudiado en el estado del
arte, en la revisión de la literatura y en el derecho comparado, a fin de lograr que, en
base a dichos lineamientos, reformular sistemas, interpretaciones y objetivos respecto
al cierre de minas.
At the national and international level, mining projects generate large economic revenues, but at the same time, they can bring with them various environmental problems due to the activities that are carried out to ensure that they are executed. In this sense, the regulatory policy assumes the role of avoiding, controlling or mitigating such impacts; however, due to a bad approach to the regulation, an incorrect interpretation or incorrect application and management, damages and externalities are caused. In this regard, in order to ensure the continuity of a healthy ecosystem and environment, mine closure is adopted as the most optimal and effective solution to achieve this purpose. In this sense, based on the case study method of the Florencia Tucari Mining Project, the constant modifications to its closure plan and the lack of execution of guarantees according to its budget planning, the present work seeks as an objective that the regulation and management of a mine closure be observed from different aspects, in order to find the best alternative solutions, such as the implementation of mechanisms adopted by other regulations, good practices and normative guidelines that could be modified or reformulated to obtain better results. The conclusions are formulated based on what has been studied in the state of the art, in the literature review and in comparative law, in order to reformulate systems, interpretations and objectives regarding mine closure based on these guidelines.
At the national and international level, mining projects generate large economic revenues, but at the same time, they can bring with them various environmental problems due to the activities that are carried out to ensure that they are executed. In this sense, the regulatory policy assumes the role of avoiding, controlling or mitigating such impacts; however, due to a bad approach to the regulation, an incorrect interpretation or incorrect application and management, damages and externalities are caused. In this regard, in order to ensure the continuity of a healthy ecosystem and environment, mine closure is adopted as the most optimal and effective solution to achieve this purpose. In this sense, based on the case study method of the Florencia Tucari Mining Project, the constant modifications to its closure plan and the lack of execution of guarantees according to its budget planning, the present work seeks as an objective that the regulation and management of a mine closure be observed from different aspects, in order to find the best alternative solutions, such as the implementation of mechanisms adopted by other regulations, good practices and normative guidelines that could be modified or reformulated to obtain better results. The conclusions are formulated based on what has been studied in the state of the art, in the literature review and in comparative law, in order to reformulate systems, interpretations and objectives regarding mine closure based on these guidelines.
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Minería--Perú, Administración de riesgos--Perú
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