Modelo ProLab: ECOMODA, una propuesta sostenible para revolucionar de forma ecoamigable la industria de la moda
Date
2024-06-20
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente trabajo aborda el problema social relevante generado por la industria textil
que es la responsable de aproximadamente el 80% de la contaminación marina. Se estima que la
industria textil contribuye entre un 4% y un 10% a las emisiones globales de carbono, con
proyecciones que podrían aumentar hasta el 26% para mediados de este siglo, según diferentes
estudios. El Foro Económico Mundial (WEF) coloca a la cadena de suministro de la moda como
el tercer sector más grande en términos de emisiones, solo detrás de los sectores de alimentos y
construcción. De manera notable, una gran parte de estas emisiones provienen de la producción
de fibras sintéticas, que actualmente representan el 65% de todos los materiales textiles. El
problema se ha agudizado desde que las grandes corporaciones han posicionado en la mente del
consumidor el concepto de la “moda rápida” con la finalidad de incrementar la velocidad de
recompra. Esto ha desembocado en la sobreproducción textil, un alto grado de consumismo y en
la degradación ambiental, pues como se sabe, hay muchos lugares, como el desierto de Atacama
en Chile, en donde hay montañas ropa de baja calidad desechadas.
Para darle una solución a esta problemática, surge ECOMODA que pone a disposición de
la Comunidad una plataforma virtual y el servicio logístico, publicitario y comercial para la
compra y venta de ropa de segunda mano. Este modelo de negocio no solo permitirá mitigar de
manera efectiva el problema de la acumulación de ropa no utilizada y el impacto ambiental
negativo, sino también, promoverá el emprendimiento de usuarios que deseen adoptarlo como
una herramienta eficiente para generar una fuente de ingresos sostenible en el tiempo.
Respecto a la viabilidad económica y financiera, ECOMODA requiere una inversión
inicial de S/ 239,780, financiada 40% con capital propio y 60% mediante préstamo bancario a
cinco años, con un costo total del 9.95% anual. De acuerdo a las proyecciones de los flujos de
caja por cinco años y aplicando el modelo Capital Asset Pricing Model CAPM para determinar
la tasa del Costo de Oportunidad del Capital (COK) que resultó en 13.20% y la tasa del Costo de Capital Promedio Ponderado (WACC) que resultó en 9.49%, se obtuvo que el proyecto brinda
un Valor Actual (VA) de S/ 3,263,265, un VAN Económico de S/ 3,023,485.34 Soles y una Tasa
Interna de Retorno (TIR) del 209.82%, lo que indica que el proyecto generará un retorno
significativo con un alto potencial de rentabilidad. Por otro lado, se obtuvo un VAN Financiero
de S/ 2’689,279.02, haciendo uso la tasa de rentabilidad exigida por los accionistas (COK), que
es del 13.20%. Ambos resultados demuestran que el proyecto es viable y generan valor tanto
para la empresa como para los accionistas. Finalmente, se aplicó la simulación Monte Carlo y
como resultado se obtuvo que, el riesgo de pérdida es menor al 20%, situándose en 16.30%.
El VAN Social arroja un resultado positivo de S/ 2,610,609.44, evidenciando que el
proyecto tiene una influencia positiva en la sociedad a lo largo del tiempo.
This work addresses the relevant social problem generated by the textile industry which is responsible for approximately 80% of marine pollution. It is estimated that the textile industry contributes between 4% and 10% to global carbon emissions, with projections that could increase to 26% by the middle of this century, according to different studies. The World Economic Forum (WEF) places the fashion supply chain as the third largest sector in terms of emissions, behind only the food and construction sectors. Notably, a large portion of these emissions come from the production of synthetic fibers, which currently account for 65% of all textile materials. The problem has worsened since large corporations have positioned the concept of “fast fashion” in the consumer's mind with the aim of increasing the speed of repurchase. This has led to a high degree of consumerism and environmental degradation, since as is known, there are many places, such as the Atacama Desert in Chile, where there are mountains of low-quality discarded clothing. To provide a solution to this problem, ECOMODA emerged, which makes a virtual platform and logistical-commercial service available to the community for the purchase and sale of second-hand clothing. This business model will not only effectively mitigate the problem of the accumulation of unused clothing and the negative environmental impact but will also promote the entrepreneurship of users who wish to adopt it as an efficient tool to generate a sustainable source of income in the world time. About the economic and financial viability, ECOMODA requires an initial investment of S/ 239,780, financed 40% with its own capital and 60% through a five-year bank loan, with a total cost of 9.95% annually. According to the cash flow projections for five years and applying the Capital Asset Pricing Model CAPM to determine the Opportunity Cost of Capital (COK) rate, which resulted in 13.20% and the Weighted Average Cost of Capital rate ( WACC) which resulted in 9.49%, it was obtained that the project provides a Present Value (PV) of S/ 3,263,265, an Economic NPV of S/ 3,023,485.34 Soles and an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 209.82%, which indicates that The project will generate a significant return with a high potential for profitability. On the other hand, a Financial NPV of S/ 2,689,279.02 was obtained using the rate of return required by shareholders (COK), which is 13.20%. Both results demonstrate that the project is viable and generates value for both the company and shareholders. Finally, the Monte Carlo simulation was applied and as a result it was obtained that the risk of loss is less than 20%, standing at 16.30%. The Social NPV shows a positive result of S/ 2,610,609.44, showing that the project has a positive influence on society over time.
This work addresses the relevant social problem generated by the textile industry which is responsible for approximately 80% of marine pollution. It is estimated that the textile industry contributes between 4% and 10% to global carbon emissions, with projections that could increase to 26% by the middle of this century, according to different studies. The World Economic Forum (WEF) places the fashion supply chain as the third largest sector in terms of emissions, behind only the food and construction sectors. Notably, a large portion of these emissions come from the production of synthetic fibers, which currently account for 65% of all textile materials. The problem has worsened since large corporations have positioned the concept of “fast fashion” in the consumer's mind with the aim of increasing the speed of repurchase. This has led to a high degree of consumerism and environmental degradation, since as is known, there are many places, such as the Atacama Desert in Chile, where there are mountains of low-quality discarded clothing. To provide a solution to this problem, ECOMODA emerged, which makes a virtual platform and logistical-commercial service available to the community for the purchase and sale of second-hand clothing. This business model will not only effectively mitigate the problem of the accumulation of unused clothing and the negative environmental impact but will also promote the entrepreneurship of users who wish to adopt it as an efficient tool to generate a sustainable source of income in the world time. About the economic and financial viability, ECOMODA requires an initial investment of S/ 239,780, financed 40% with its own capital and 60% through a five-year bank loan, with a total cost of 9.95% annually. According to the cash flow projections for five years and applying the Capital Asset Pricing Model CAPM to determine the Opportunity Cost of Capital (COK) rate, which resulted in 13.20% and the Weighted Average Cost of Capital rate ( WACC) which resulted in 9.49%, it was obtained that the project provides a Present Value (PV) of S/ 3,263,265, an Economic NPV of S/ 3,023,485.34 Soles and an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 209.82%, which indicates that The project will generate a significant return with a high potential for profitability. On the other hand, a Financial NPV of S/ 2,689,279.02 was obtained using the rate of return required by shareholders (COK), which is 13.20%. Both results demonstrate that the project is viable and generates value for both the company and shareholders. Finally, the Monte Carlo simulation was applied and as a result it was obtained that the risk of loss is less than 20%, standing at 16.30%. The Social NPV shows a positive result of S/ 2,610,609.44, showing that the project has a positive influence on society over time.
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Keywords
Prendas de vestir, Consumo sostenible, Aplicaciones--Dispositivos móviles
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