Seguir aprendiendo: educación y agencia entre los asháninkas del río Ene
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
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La presente tesis reflexiona sobre los avances y desafíos del servicio educativo en una
escuela secundaria indígena en relación con las aspiraciones personales y colectivas
de los y las jóvenes asháninkas, desde el enfoque de Desarrollo Humano. La
investigación, de carácter cualitativo y etnográfico, se centró en las voces de los y las
estudiantes de secundaria de la comunidad nativa de Quempiri, provincia de Satipo, y
se complementó con entrevistas a familias, líderes indígenas, docentes y servidores
públicos. Asimismo, se llevó a cabo un análisis reflexivo sobre las capacidades
colectivas, la agencia individual y colectiva.
Se encontró que los y las estudiantes asháninkas mantienen vivos los valores del
Kametsa Asaike (Vivir Bien), enfocados en el bien común y la defensa del territorio. Por
otro lado, la educación secundaria representa para ellos la posibilidad de formarse como
ciudadanos y adquirir competencias clave para desarrollar operaciones matemáticas y
comunicarse en castellano, fundamentales para desenvolverse en diferentes entornos.
No obstante, el servicio educativo que reciben es de baja calidad y plantea tensiones
con las formas tradicionales de inicio de la adultez asháninka asociado a la formación
temprana de familias.
Los y las estudiantes lidian entre cumplir sus deberes escolares, actividades familiares,
trabajo y gestionarse entre espacios de diversión reales y virtuales. Este proceso pone
en constante revisión sus identidades tradicionales como asháninkas, negociándolas
con nuevos referentes culturales. Los y las jóvenes cuentan con el marco moral del
Kametsa Asaike, pero son conscientes de los desafíos por delante y de la importancia
de seguir aprendiendo en la escuela para ser mejores asháninkas.
This thesis reflects on the progress and challenges of the educational service in an indigenous secondary school in relation to the personal and collective aspirations of Asháninka youth, from the perspective of Human Development. The research, qualitative and ethnographic in nature, focused on the voices of secondary school students from the native community of Quempiri, located in the province of Satipo, and was complemented by interviews with families, indigenous leaders, teachers, and public officials. Additionally, a reflective analysis was conducted on collective capacities and individual and collective agency. The findings reveal that Asháninka students uphold the values of Kametsa Asaike (Living Well), centered on the common good and territorial defense. On the other hand, secondary education represents for them an opportunity to become informed citizens and acquire key skills, such as performing mathematical operations and communicating in Spanish, which are essential for navigating various environments. However, the educational service they receive is of low quality and generates tensions with traditional Asháninka practices of transitioning to adulthood, which are often linked to the early formation of families. Students navigate between fulfilling their school responsibilities, family activities, work, and managing their time between real and virtual spaces for recreation. This process continually challenges their traditional Asháninka identities, requiring them to negotiate with new cultural references. While the youth hold onto the moral framework of Kametsa Asaike, they are aware of the challenges ahead and the importance of continuing to learn in school to become better Asháninkas.
This thesis reflects on the progress and challenges of the educational service in an indigenous secondary school in relation to the personal and collective aspirations of Asháninka youth, from the perspective of Human Development. The research, qualitative and ethnographic in nature, focused on the voices of secondary school students from the native community of Quempiri, located in the province of Satipo, and was complemented by interviews with families, indigenous leaders, teachers, and public officials. Additionally, a reflective analysis was conducted on collective capacities and individual and collective agency. The findings reveal that Asháninka students uphold the values of Kametsa Asaike (Living Well), centered on the common good and territorial defense. On the other hand, secondary education represents for them an opportunity to become informed citizens and acquire key skills, such as performing mathematical operations and communicating in Spanish, which are essential for navigating various environments. However, the educational service they receive is of low quality and generates tensions with traditional Asháninka practices of transitioning to adulthood, which are often linked to the early formation of families. Students navigate between fulfilling their school responsibilities, family activities, work, and managing their time between real and virtual spaces for recreation. This process continually challenges their traditional Asháninka identities, requiring them to negotiate with new cultural references. While the youth hold onto the moral framework of Kametsa Asaike, they are aware of the challenges ahead and the importance of continuing to learn in school to become better Asháninkas.
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Ashánincas--Educación--Perú--Satipo (Junín : Provincia), Estudiantes de escuelas secundarias--Perú--Satipo (Junín : Provincia), Educación multicultural--Perú--Satipo (Junín : Provincia), Antropología educativa--Perú--Satipo (Junín : Provincia)
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