Factores que favorecen o limitan la adecuada inserción laboral juvenil, como base para la cohesión social. Estudio de caso: programa "Formación y trabajo" de la Fundación Forge en el distrito de Ventanilla en el año 2015
Date
2021-02-04
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La difícil y precaria situación de los jóvenes en el país respecto al estudio y al trabajo son
problemas que se agudizan cada vez más, año tras año. Lima, el Callao y en este caso
Ventanilla no son ajenos a estos problemas.
El propósito de este estudio es identificar cuáles son aquellos factores claves para la
adecuada inserción laboral formal. Para dicho fin, la investigación se dirige a analizar la
situación de aquellos jóvenes pertenecientes al programa formación y trabajo de la
fundación Forge en el distrito de Ventanilla, durante el año 2015.
La Fundación Forge, es una organización sin fines de lucro, presente en 5 países de
Latinoamérica y que actualmente viene impartiendo en cada uno de sus centros un
programa gratuito de empleabilidad llamado: formación y trabajo a jóvenes de escasos
recursos. Para dar con el propósito general, se plantearon cuatro objetivos específicos: i)
Conocer la efectividad del programa, ii) identificar los verdaderos intereses de los jóvenes
usuarios y de los padres de familia, iii) Analizar si la currícula del programa está acorde a
la demanda del mercado laboral actual y iv) Conocer el aporte de las alianzas y/o
articulación de esfuerzos de la organización frente a otras, para el incremento de
oportunidades.
De esta manera y respondiendo a estos objetivos se pretende contribuir a futuros
programas de empleabilidad y/o de capacitación a jóvenes.
Para enmarcarlo bajo un contexto, se planteó tres enfoques: el de derechos, de desarrollo
humano y el de igualdad de oportunidades.
Asimismo, la presente investigación forma parte de un estudio de caso, la misma que
profundiza en aquellos aspectos más relevantes de la experiencia en sí misma. La
metodología empleada fue la de tipo mixta, en donde, para las variables de índole
cuantitativas fueron completadas por medio de un cuestionario y para las variables
cualitativas, se lograron a través de entrevistas semi – estructuradas.
Dentro de los hallazgos encontrados más importantes tenemos: i) El programa puede
considerarse efectivo por sus resultados que presenta. Sin embargo, hay un tema
pendiente por resolver y es el tema de la equidad de género, que inclusive en estos
espacios es muy notorio. ii) En la mayoría de los casos, los intereses de padres e hijos
coincidieron, ven al programa como la única salida a ocupar el tiempo y no quedarse en la
nada, como un medio para un futuro estudio idóneo, un espacio que mejorará el
curriculúm para trabajar en una empresa conocida, etc. iii) Para efectos del año de estudio
(2015), el programa logró un 51% de inserción laboral de los jóvenes que culminaron todo
el proceso. iv) Si bien el modelado del programa es ambicioso e innovador es necesario
trabajar aún más en fortalecer las alianzas con empresas e instituciones para permitir la
sostenibilidad del programa.
Finalmente y bajo los lentes de la gerencia social, la tesis plantea un plan estratégico para
la organización hacia el 2030 como herramienta de solución, la misma que permitirá
atender cada problema que en todo el proceso de la investigación se evidenciaron.
The difficult and precarious situation of Young people in the country with regard to study and work are problems that are sharpened more and more, year after year. Lima, Callao and in this case Ventanilla are not alien to these problems. The purpose of this study is to identify which are the key factors for proper formal labor insertion. For this purpose, the research is aimed at analyzing the situation of those young people belonging to the formation and work program of the Forge foundation in the district of Ventanilla, during the year 2015. The Forge Foundation, is a no-profit organization, present in 5 countries of Latin America and that is currently teaching in each of its centers a free program of employability called: training and work for young people with limited resources. To give the general purpose, four specific objectives will be considered: i) to know the effectiveness of the program, ii) to identify the true interests of the young users and the parents, iii) to analyze if the curriculum of the program is in accordance with the current labor market demand and iv) know the contribution of alliances and /or articulation of efforts of the organization against others, to increase opportunities. In this way and responding to these objectives, it is intended to contribrute to future employment and / or youth training programs. To frame it in a context, three approaches were proposed : rights, of human development and equality of opportunities. Also, the present investigation is part of a case study, the same one that delves into the most relevant aspects of the experience itself. The methodology used was that of a mixed type, were, for the quantitative variables, they were achieved through semistructured interviews. Among the most important findings found, were have 1) the program can be considered effective because of its results. However, there is a pending issue to resolve and it is the issue of gender equity, which even in these spaces is very noticeable. 2) In most cases, the interests of parents and children coincide, they see the program as the only way to occupy time and not to remain in nothing, as a means for a future suitable study, a space that will improve the curriculum to work in a known company, etc. 3) for the purposes of the year of study (2015), the program achieved a 51% labor insertion of the young people who completed the entire process. 4) Although the modeling of the program is ambitious and innovative, it is necessary to work even harder to strengthen alliances with companies and institutions to allow the sustainability of the program. Finally, and under the lens of social management, the thesis proposes a strategic plan for the organization by 2030 as a solution tool, which will allow each problem to be addressed throughout the process of the investigation.
The difficult and precarious situation of Young people in the country with regard to study and work are problems that are sharpened more and more, year after year. Lima, Callao and in this case Ventanilla are not alien to these problems. The purpose of this study is to identify which are the key factors for proper formal labor insertion. For this purpose, the research is aimed at analyzing the situation of those young people belonging to the formation and work program of the Forge foundation in the district of Ventanilla, during the year 2015. The Forge Foundation, is a no-profit organization, present in 5 countries of Latin America and that is currently teaching in each of its centers a free program of employability called: training and work for young people with limited resources. To give the general purpose, four specific objectives will be considered: i) to know the effectiveness of the program, ii) to identify the true interests of the young users and the parents, iii) to analyze if the curriculum of the program is in accordance with the current labor market demand and iv) know the contribution of alliances and /or articulation of efforts of the organization against others, to increase opportunities. In this way and responding to these objectives, it is intended to contribrute to future employment and / or youth training programs. To frame it in a context, three approaches were proposed : rights, of human development and equality of opportunities. Also, the present investigation is part of a case study, the same one that delves into the most relevant aspects of the experience itself. The methodology used was that of a mixed type, were, for the quantitative variables, they were achieved through semistructured interviews. Among the most important findings found, were have 1) the program can be considered effective because of its results. However, there is a pending issue to resolve and it is the issue of gender equity, which even in these spaces is very noticeable. 2) In most cases, the interests of parents and children coincide, they see the program as the only way to occupy time and not to remain in nothing, as a means for a future suitable study, a space that will improve the curriculum to work in a known company, etc. 3) for the purposes of the year of study (2015), the program achieved a 51% labor insertion of the young people who completed the entire process. 4) Although the modeling of the program is ambitious and innovative, it is necessary to work even harder to strengthen alliances with companies and institutions to allow the sustainability of the program. Finally, and under the lens of social management, the thesis proposes a strategic plan for the organization by 2030 as a solution tool, which will allow each problem to be addressed throughout the process of the investigation.
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Juventud--Empleo--Perú--Villa el Salvador (Lima : Distrito), Jóvenes--Capacitación, Mercado de trabajo--Perú
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