Informe jurídico sobre el Expediente Nº 00234-2013 PA/TC
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
El presente informe jurídico analiza el Expediente N.º 00234-2013-PA/TC, donde
el Tribunal Constitucional del Perú resolvió una demanda de amparo interpuesta
por dos socios accionistas de la Empresa de Transportes Semil S.A., quienes
fueron expulsados por acuerdo de la Junta General de Accionistas. El problema
jurídico principal es determinar si procede iniciar un proceso de amparo, como
vía para impugnar un acuerdo societario señalado. Este problema será resuelto
analizando la naturaleza jurídica del recurso de amparo; la existencia de una “vía
legal específica e igualmente satisfactoria” a este proceso de Amparo para
impugnar el acuerdo societario; y la supuesta vulnera del principio de legalidad
y el derecho de defensa de los socios expulsados.
Los instrumentos normativos empleados incluyen la Constitución Política del
Perú, la Ley General de Sociedades (en adelante LGS), el Nuevo Código
Procesal Constitucional. Asimismo, se emplea jurisprudencia relevante del
Tribunal Constitucional y la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos; y
doctrina destacable.
El presente informe jurídico llega a la conclusión de que la demanda de amparo
presentada por los socios expulsado de la sociedad no debió ser declarada
procedente por el Tribunal Constitucional. Esta conclusión se fundamenta, en
primer lugar, en la naturaleza jurídica excepcional y residual del proceso de
amparo, aun cuando haya habido una afectación de derechos. En segundo lugar,
en que existe una “vía procedimental específica e igualmente satisfactoria” al
proceso de amparo para impugnar el mencionado acuerdo societario y tutelar
los derechos constitucionales vulnerados de los socios expulsado. Esta vía
procedimental ordinaria es la impugnación de acuerdos societario
This legal report analyzes Constitutional Court Case No. 00234-2013-PA/TC, in which the Constitutional Court of Peru ruled on an amparo proceeding filed by two shareholders of Empresa de Transportes Semil S.A., who were expelled by a resolution adopted by the General Shareholders’ Meeting. The main legal issue is whether the amparo proceeding is procedurally admissible as a mechanism to challenge said corporate resolution. This question is addressed by analyzing the legal nature of the amparo remedy; the existence of a “specific and equally satisfactory legal avenue” available to challenge the corporate resolution through ordinary jurisdiction; and the alleged violation of the principle of legality and the right to a defense of the expelled shareholders. The normative instruments applied include the Political Constitution of Peru, the General Law of Corporations, and the new Code of Constitutional Procedure. In addition, the report draws upon relevant case law from both the Constitutional Court and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, as well as authoritative legal doctrine. The report concludes that the amparo action filed by the expelled shareholders should not have been declared admissible by the Constitutional Court. This conclusion is based, first, on the exceptional and subsidiary nature of the amparo proceeding, even in the presence of a fundamental rights violation. Second, because there exists a “specific and equally satisfactory procedural avenue” to challenge the disputed corporate resolution and protect the shareholders’ constitutional rights. That ordinary legal avenue is the judicial challenge of corporate resolutions.
This legal report analyzes Constitutional Court Case No. 00234-2013-PA/TC, in which the Constitutional Court of Peru ruled on an amparo proceeding filed by two shareholders of Empresa de Transportes Semil S.A., who were expelled by a resolution adopted by the General Shareholders’ Meeting. The main legal issue is whether the amparo proceeding is procedurally admissible as a mechanism to challenge said corporate resolution. This question is addressed by analyzing the legal nature of the amparo remedy; the existence of a “specific and equally satisfactory legal avenue” available to challenge the corporate resolution through ordinary jurisdiction; and the alleged violation of the principle of legality and the right to a defense of the expelled shareholders. The normative instruments applied include the Political Constitution of Peru, the General Law of Corporations, and the new Code of Constitutional Procedure. In addition, the report draws upon relevant case law from both the Constitutional Court and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, as well as authoritative legal doctrine. The report concludes that the amparo action filed by the expelled shareholders should not have been declared admissible by the Constitutional Court. This conclusion is based, first, on the exceptional and subsidiary nature of the amparo proceeding, even in the presence of a fundamental rights violation. Second, because there exists a “specific and equally satisfactory procedural avenue” to challenge the disputed corporate resolution and protect the shareholders’ constitutional rights. That ordinary legal avenue is the judicial challenge of corporate resolutions.
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Palabras clave
Perú. Tribunal Constitucional--Jurisprudencia, Recurso de amparo--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Sociedades--Legislación--Perú, Accionistas
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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