Informe jurídico de la Sentencia N° 355-2024
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
El presente informe jurídico tiene por finalidad analizar la sentencia N° 355-2024,
mediante la cual la Sala mercantil estimó el recurso de apelación interpuesto por
los accionistas minoritarios de la empresa, DIRECCION000, por considerar que
el Acuerdo de no repartición de dividendos adoptado en Junta Ordinaria carece
de una justificación razonable. Así, la Sala declaró la nulidad del Acuerdo en
aplicación del resultado del ejercicio 2020. La sentencia aborda temas
societarios como el derecho al dividendo, interés social e impugnación de los
acuerdos.
En ese sentido, desde una perspectiva comparada partimos el análisis para
identificar cual es el razonamiento que ha seguido la Sala española para
determinar que el Acuerdo debe ser sancionado con nulidad. Ello, principalmente
circunscrito a la normativa de La Ley General de Sociedades (en adelante La
LGS) y la Ley de Sociedades de Capitales en España (en adelante La LSC). Así,
concluimos que el derecho a dividendo es un derecho de naturaleza expectaticia,
el interés social puede seguir una teoría contractual e institucional, el deber de
lealtad es para con la sociedad y sus miembros, y, por último, en la jurisdicción
peruana, la impugnación del acuerdo se hubiera resuelto con la anulabilidad,
según el artículo 139 de la Ley General de Sociedades.
This legal report aims to analyze Judgment No. 355-2024, in which the Commercial Court confirmed the appeal filed by the minority shareholders of the company, DIRECCION000, considering that the Resolution to not distribute dividends, adopted at the Ordinary General Meeting, lacked reasonable justification. As a result, the Court declared the Resolution null and void based on the results of the 2020 fiscal year. The judgment addresses corporate issues such as dividend rights, corporate interests and the challenge of resolutions. In this regard, from a comparative perspective, we begin the analysis to identify the reasoning followed by the Spanish court in determining that the Resolution should be declared null and void. This analysis is primarily limited to the regulations of the General Companies Law and the Capital Companies Law in Spain. Therefore, we conclude that the right of dividends is a right of an expectant nature, the social interest can follow a contractual and institutional theory, the duty of loyalty is towards the company and its members, and, finally, in the Peruvian jurisdiction, the challenge to the agreement would have been resolved with the annulment in accordance with article 139 of the General Law of Companies.
This legal report aims to analyze Judgment No. 355-2024, in which the Commercial Court confirmed the appeal filed by the minority shareholders of the company, DIRECCION000, considering that the Resolution to not distribute dividends, adopted at the Ordinary General Meeting, lacked reasonable justification. As a result, the Court declared the Resolution null and void based on the results of the 2020 fiscal year. The judgment addresses corporate issues such as dividend rights, corporate interests and the challenge of resolutions. In this regard, from a comparative perspective, we begin the analysis to identify the reasoning followed by the Spanish court in determining that the Resolution should be declared null and void. This analysis is primarily limited to the regulations of the General Companies Law and the Capital Companies Law in Spain. Therefore, we conclude that the right of dividends is a right of an expectant nature, the social interest can follow a contractual and institutional theory, the duty of loyalty is towards the company and its members, and, finally, in the Peruvian jurisdiction, the challenge to the agreement would have been resolved with the annulment in accordance with article 139 of the General Law of Companies.
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Accionistas minoritarios--Perú, Dividendos--Perú, Nulidad (Derecho)--Perú, Sociedades--Legislación--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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