Relaciones entre la Dominancia Social, la legitimidad y confianza institucional hacia el Proyecto Especial Legado en una muestra de ciudadanos de Lima Metropolitana
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación analizó la relación entre la Orientación a la Dominancia Social
(SDO) y la aprobación del Proyecto Especial Legado (PEL) de los Juegos Panamericanos y
Parapanamericanos Lima 2019, considerando la legitimidad política percibida como variable
mediadora. Se encuestó a 402 personas residentes en Lima Metropolitana mediante un
cuestionario estructurado. Los resultados evidenciaron que niveles más altos de SDO se
relacionan con una menor aprobación del PEL (𝑟 = −0.382, p < .001), mientras que la
percepción de legitimidad mostró un efecto mediador significativo (β = 0.057, p < 0.05) en
esta relación. Este hallazgo sugiere que, aunque las ideologías jerárquicas influyen
negativamente en la confianza ante instituciones con una finalidad de inclusión social, la
percepción de legitimidad institucional puede atenuar ese efecto. El estudio empleó análisis
correlacionales, regresiones lineales y de mediación con el modelo 4 de la macro PROCESS.
Se encontró que los objetivos del PEL más valorados por los ciudadanos fueron brindar
espacios públicos de calidad y promover el bienestar integral. Estos factores predijeron
significativamente la aprobación del proyecto. Los resultados reafirman que una percepción
positiva de cumplimiento institucional puede mitigar el impacto de creencias que justifican
la desigualdad, contribuyendo a una mayor aceptación de iniciativas públicas. Se discuten
las implicancias psicopolíticas de estos hallazgos en el contexto de la gobernanza pública
peruana, marcada por una desconfianza generalizada en las instituciones.
The present study analyzed the relationship between Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) and approval of the Special Legacy Project (PEL) from the Lima 2019 Pan American and Parapan American Games, with perceived political legitimacy considered as a mediating variable. A total of 402 residents of Metropolitan Lima were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. The results showed that higher levels of SDO were associated with lower approval of the PEL (𝑟 = −0.382, p < .001), while perceived legitimacy had a significant mediating effect (β = 0.057, p < 0.05) on this relationship. This finding suggests that, although hierarchical ideologies negatively affect trust in institutions oriented toward social inclusion, institutional legitimacy can attenuate this effect. The study employed correlational analyses, linear regressions, and mediation using Model 4 of the PROCESS macro. It was found that the PEL objectives most valued by citizens were the provision of quality public spaces and the promotion of comprehensive well-being. These factors significantly predicted project approval. The findings reaffirm that a positive perception of institutional goal fulfillment can mitigate the impact of beliefs that justify inequality, contributing to greater public acceptance of government initiatives. The psychopolitical implications of these findings are discussed in the context of Peruvian public governance, which is characterized by widespread institutional distrust.
The present study analyzed the relationship between Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) and approval of the Special Legacy Project (PEL) from the Lima 2019 Pan American and Parapan American Games, with perceived political legitimacy considered as a mediating variable. A total of 402 residents of Metropolitan Lima were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. The results showed that higher levels of SDO were associated with lower approval of the PEL (𝑟 = −0.382, p < .001), while perceived legitimacy had a significant mediating effect (β = 0.057, p < 0.05) on this relationship. This finding suggests that, although hierarchical ideologies negatively affect trust in institutions oriented toward social inclusion, institutional legitimacy can attenuate this effect. The study employed correlational analyses, linear regressions, and mediation using Model 4 of the PROCESS macro. It was found that the PEL objectives most valued by citizens were the provision of quality public spaces and the promotion of comprehensive well-being. These factors significantly predicted project approval. The findings reaffirm that a positive perception of institutional goal fulfillment can mitigate the impact of beliefs that justify inequality, contributing to greater public acceptance of government initiatives. The psychopolitical implications of these findings are discussed in the context of Peruvian public governance, which is characterized by widespread institutional distrust.
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Confiabilidad, Deportes--Aspectos psicológicos--Perú, Administración de personal, Comportamiento organizacional
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