Informe Jurídico sobre la Casación N° 563-2011-LIMA
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El informe analiza la Casación N° 563-2011-Lima, un caso en el que se solicitó
una adopción por excepción, en el que subyace un acuerdo de maternidad
subrogada, técnica no regulada en el Perú. Los demandantes, Dina Palomino y
Giovanni Sansone, recurrieron a esta figura para obtener la custodia legal de
una menor, tras un acuerdo con la madre gestante y biológica, Isabel Castro.
Sin embargo, la Corte Suprema, aunque aplicó el principio del interés superior
del niño, evitó abordar directamente la maternidad subrogada y dejó sin
resolver temas fundamentales como la validez del acuerdo y la urgente
necesidad de una regulación específica para estas situaciones en el marco
legal peruano.
El principal problema jurídico identificado es si la Corte Suprema actuó
correctamente al abstenerse de analizar la maternidad subrogada y centrarse
únicamente en la adopción por excepción. Los problemas secundarios
incluyen: la falta de motivación adecuada en la sentencia; la omisión de
principios procesales como la flexibilización establecida en el III Pleno
Casatorio; y la ausencia de una postura clara sobre cómo manejar estos casos
en un marco legal sin regulación específica.
El informe concluye que, aunque la Corte priorizó el bienestar del menor, dejó
de lado la oportunidad de establecer un precedente para casos futuros y
resolver una laguna jurídica. Se propone regular la maternidad subrogada,
especialmente en su forma altruista, y se destaca la necesidad de que la
judicatura ante una ausencia de regulación recurra a métodos de integración
normativa para resolver casos similares en el futuro, unificando criterios legales
y fortaleciendo la seguridad jurídica.
The report analyzes Cassation No. 563-2011-Lima, a case in which an adoption by exception was requested, underlying a surrogacy agreement, a technique not regulated in Peru. The plaintiffs, Dina Palomino and Giovanni Sansone, resorted to this figure to obtain legal custody of a minor, after an agreement with the surrogate and biological mother, Isabel Castro. However, the Supreme Court, although it applied the principle of the best interests of the child, avoided directly addressing surrogacy and left fundamental issues such as the validity of the agreement and the urgent need for specific regulation for these situations in the Peruvian legal framework unresolved. The main legal problem identified is whether the Supreme Court acted correctly by refraining from analyzing surrogacy and focusing only on adoption by exception. Secondary problems include: lack of adequate motivation in the sentence; the omission of procedural principles such as the flexibility established in the III Casatorio Plenary; and the absence of a clear position on how to handle these cases in a legal framework without specific regulation. The report concludes that, although the Court prioritized the well-being of the minor, it left aside the opportunity to establish a precedent for future cases and resolve a legal loophole. It is proposed to regulate surrogacy, especially in its altruistic form, and the need is highlighted for the judiciary in the absence of regulation to resort to methods of regulatory integration to resolve similar cases in the future, unifying legal criteria and strengthening legal security.
The report analyzes Cassation No. 563-2011-Lima, a case in which an adoption by exception was requested, underlying a surrogacy agreement, a technique not regulated in Peru. The plaintiffs, Dina Palomino and Giovanni Sansone, resorted to this figure to obtain legal custody of a minor, after an agreement with the surrogate and biological mother, Isabel Castro. However, the Supreme Court, although it applied the principle of the best interests of the child, avoided directly addressing surrogacy and left fundamental issues such as the validity of the agreement and the urgent need for specific regulation for these situations in the Peruvian legal framework unresolved. The main legal problem identified is whether the Supreme Court acted correctly by refraining from analyzing surrogacy and focusing only on adoption by exception. Secondary problems include: lack of adequate motivation in the sentence; the omission of procedural principles such as the flexibility established in the III Casatorio Plenary; and the absence of a clear position on how to handle these cases in a legal framework without specific regulation. The report concludes that, although the Court prioritized the well-being of the minor, it left aside the opportunity to establish a precedent for future cases and resolve a legal loophole. It is proposed to regulate surrogacy, especially in its altruistic form, and the need is highlighted for the judiciary in the absence of regulation to resort to methods of regulatory integration to resolve similar cases in the future, unifying legal criteria and strengthening legal security.
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Maternidad sustituta, Adopción--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Niños--Derechos--Perú
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