Informe jurídico sobre la sentencia Caso de la modificación de la Ley Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre. Demanda de inconstitucionalidad contra la Ley 31973, “Ley que modifica la Ley 29763, Ley Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre, y aprueba disposiciones complementarias orientadas a promover la zonificación forestal”
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
El presente informe analiza el Pleno 88/2025, el cual aborda tres demandas de
inconstitucionalidad contra de la Ley N.º 31973, que modifica la Ley Forestal y de Fauna
Silvestre. La problemática principal es determinar si el Tribunal realizó un adecuado
control constitucional respecto de cada una de las disposiciones de la referida ley, así
como los efectos sobre el derecho al medio ambiente, la consulta previa, y el principio
de sostenibilidad y conservación ambiental.
Para ello, se empleó la Constitución Política, la Ley N.º 31973, la Ley N.º 29763, el
Convenio 169 de la OIT, la Ley N.º 29785 de Consulta Previa, así como normativa
interna aplicable. Sumado a ello, se ha considera la jurisprudencia relevante del Tribunal
Constitucional y la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos.
El informe concluye que, el Tribunal determinó adecuadamente la declaratoria de
inconstitucionalidad de la Primera Disposición Complementaria Transitoria. Sin
embargo, al validarse la transferencia de competencias a MIDAGRI, se desconoce la
importancia de un enfoque de sostenibilidad y conservación ambiental. Asimismo, la
consulta previa debió realizarse respecto de la integralidad de la ley debido al impacto
directo en territorios indígenas. Finalmente, la convalidación de la Única Disposición
Complementaria Final legaliza la deforestación pasada y pone en riesgo el patrimonio
forestal. En conjunto, el fallo debilita la protección del patrimonio forestal en un contexto
de deforestación continua.
This report analyzes Pleno 88/2025, which addresses three unconstitutionality awsuits against Law No. 31973, which modifies the Forestry and Wildlife Law. The main problem is to determine whether the Court carried out an adequate constitutional control of each of the provisions of said law, as well as the effects on the right to the environment, prior consultation, and the principle of environmental sustainability and conservation. For this purpose, the Political Constitution, Law No. 31973, Law No. 29763, ILO Convention 169, Law No. 29785 on Prior Consultation, as well as applicable domestic regulations were used. In addition, the relevant jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights has been considered. The report concludes that the Court properly determined the declaration of unconstitutionality of the First Transitory Complementary Provision. However, by validating the transfer of powers to MIDAGRI, the importance of a focus on environmental sustainability and conservation was ignored. Likewise, prior consultation should have been carried out regarding the comprehensiveness of the law due to its direct impact on indigenous territories. Finally, the validation of the Sole Final Complementary Provision legalizes past deforestation and puts the forest heritage at risk. Overall, the ruling weakens the protection of the forest heritage in a context of continued deforestation.
This report analyzes Pleno 88/2025, which addresses three unconstitutionality awsuits against Law No. 31973, which modifies the Forestry and Wildlife Law. The main problem is to determine whether the Court carried out an adequate constitutional control of each of the provisions of said law, as well as the effects on the right to the environment, prior consultation, and the principle of environmental sustainability and conservation. For this purpose, the Political Constitution, Law No. 31973, Law No. 29763, ILO Convention 169, Law No. 29785 on Prior Consultation, as well as applicable domestic regulations were used. In addition, the relevant jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights has been considered. The report concludes that the Court properly determined the declaration of unconstitutionality of the First Transitory Complementary Provision. However, by validating the transfer of powers to MIDAGRI, the importance of a focus on environmental sustainability and conservation was ignored. Likewise, prior consultation should have been carried out regarding the comprehensiveness of the law due to its direct impact on indigenous territories. Finally, the validation of the Sole Final Complementary Provision legalizes past deforestation and puts the forest heritage at risk. Overall, the ruling weakens the protection of the forest heritage in a context of continued deforestation.
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Recursos naturales--Legislación--Perú, Derecho constitucional--Perú, Derecho ambiental--Perú, Conservación de los recursos naturales--Perú
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