Variaciones en las capacidades estructurales self - otro de una mujer heterosexual violentada por su pareja en un contexto de psicoterapia psicoanalítica breve
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2025-03-20
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Abstract
La violencia de pareja íntima heterosexual (VPIH) constituye una problemática
multifacética que provoca profundas alteraciones en la estructura psíquica de las víctimas.
Estas pueden manifestarse en dificultades para establecer relaciones interpersonales
saludables y en la capacidad de diferenciar entre el self y los otros. El abordaje
psicoterapéutico desde una perspectiva psicoanalítica puede ofrecer una vía significativa
para la recuperación y la reorganización psíquica. Ante esto, la Terapia Dinámica
Interpersonal (TDI) (Lemma et al., 2011) es un modelo de intervención breve y focalizado
que aborda específicamente las dinámicas interpersonales y las representaciones internas
de las relaciones significativas. Sin embargo, la evidencia empírica sobre su efectividad
en casos de VPIH es aún limitada. Esta investigación buscó contribuir al campo de la
psicoterapia psicoanalítica breve, ofreciendo evidencias empíricas sobre su impacto en
las capacidades estructurales de las víctimas. Se utilizó un diseño de caso único
sistemático para examinar la fase inicial y final de la intervención TDI. Las
representaciones del self y los otros se recogieron utilizando el Core Conflictual
Relationship Theme (CCRT) (Luborsky y Crits-Christoph, 1990), y su reformulación
posterior traducida al español CCRT-LU-S (Espinosa & Valdés, 2012). Finalmente, se
analizaron las variaciones entre las fases usando el Eje IV del sistema multiaxial de
Diagnóstico Psicodinámico Operacionalizado OPD II (Grupo de Trabajo OPD, 2008).
Los resultados mostraron que, aunque solo hubo variación en la capacidad de vínculos
externos, otras capacidades mantuvieron un nivel de integración medio, mostrando
variaciones si se miraban las subcapacidades. Se discuten los cambios en el contexto de
trabajo de 12 sesiones en el contexto cultural e idiosincrático de la consultante y/o a
posibles limitaciones de este trabajo.
Intimate partner violence in heterosexual relationships (IPVH) is a multifaceted issue that causes profound disruptions in the victims' psychic structure. These disruptions can manifest in difficulties in establishing healthy interpersonal relationships and differentiating between self and others. Psychotherapeutic treatment from a psychoanalytic perspective can provide a significant avenue for recovery and psychic reorganization. In this context, Interpersonal Dynamic Therapy (IDT) (Lemma et al., 2011) is a brief and focused intervention model that specifically addresses interpersonal dynamics and internal representations of significant relationships. However, empirical evidence on its effectiveness in cases of IPVH is still limited. This research aimed to contribute to the field of brief psychoanalytic psychotherapy by providing empirical evidence on its impact on the structural capacities of victims. A systematic single-case design was used to examine the initial and final phases of the IDT intervention. Representations of self and others were collected using the Core Conflictual Relationship Theme (CCRT) (Luborsky & Crits-Christoph, 1990), and its later reformulation translated into Spanish CCRT-LU-S (Espinosa & Valdés, 201 Finally, variations between phases were analyzed using Axis IV of the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics OPD II multiaxial system (OPD Task Force, 2008). The results showed that, although there was variation only in the capacity for external bonds, other capacities maintained a medium level of integration, showing variations when subcapacities were examined. The changes are discussed in the context of the 12-session work, considering the cultural and idiosyncratic context of the client and/or potential limitations of this work.
Intimate partner violence in heterosexual relationships (IPVH) is a multifaceted issue that causes profound disruptions in the victims' psychic structure. These disruptions can manifest in difficulties in establishing healthy interpersonal relationships and differentiating between self and others. Psychotherapeutic treatment from a psychoanalytic perspective can provide a significant avenue for recovery and psychic reorganization. In this context, Interpersonal Dynamic Therapy (IDT) (Lemma et al., 2011) is a brief and focused intervention model that specifically addresses interpersonal dynamics and internal representations of significant relationships. However, empirical evidence on its effectiveness in cases of IPVH is still limited. This research aimed to contribute to the field of brief psychoanalytic psychotherapy by providing empirical evidence on its impact on the structural capacities of victims. A systematic single-case design was used to examine the initial and final phases of the IDT intervention. Representations of self and others were collected using the Core Conflictual Relationship Theme (CCRT) (Luborsky & Crits-Christoph, 1990), and its later reformulation translated into Spanish CCRT-LU-S (Espinosa & Valdés, 201 Finally, variations between phases were analyzed using Axis IV of the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics OPD II multiaxial system (OPD Task Force, 2008). The results showed that, although there was variation only in the capacity for external bonds, other capacities maintained a medium level of integration, showing variations when subcapacities were examined. The changes are discussed in the context of the 12-session work, considering the cultural and idiosyncratic context of the client and/or potential limitations of this work.
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Keywords
Psicoterapia breve, Psicoanálisis, Violencia contra la mujer--Aspectos psicológicos, Representación mental
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