Análisis comparativo del uso de geomallas de refuerzo en el diseño de pavimentos flexibles respecto al diseño convencional sin refuerzo
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la viabilidad del uso de geomallas de refuerzo en
el diseño de pavimentos flexibles respecto al diseño convencional sin refuerzo. Para ello se
consideró dos vías de referencia, la Av. San Martín (133.61 m) ubicada en la provincia y
departamento de Cajamarca y la Av. Prolongación Mariscal Castilla (403.88 m) que se ubica
en la provincia y departamento de Arequipa. En primera instancia, se diseñó el pavimento
flexible convencional con el método AASHTO 93 empleando la fórmula general y el
nomograma para el cálculo de los números estructurales; consecuentemente, fue realizado el
diseño de pavimentos por medio del método de espesores mínimos y análisis por capas
considerando el refuerzo de geomallas en la base. Como resultados se encontró que, al emplear
las geomallas de copolímero en la base granular y conservando el espesor de la misma se puede
incrementar la capacidad ante el tráfico casi un 400 % (TBR de 3.95) o de lo contrario puede
reducirse el espesor de la misma en hasta 53 % (BCR 0.47). En cuanto al análisis económico
se tiene que al emplear las geomallas en vías cuyo W18 sea mayor a los 7 millones de ejes
equivalentes se reducen los costos de ejecución (hasta 10 % menores con la geomalla de hoja
de copolímero), no obstante, de emplearse en vías de menor W18 los beneficios económicos se
verían reflejados en el mantenimiento y conservación de la vía. Se concluye, por lo tanto, que
el empleo de geomallas en pavimentos flexibles resulta viable tanto técnica y económicamente
en comparación de un pavimento sin refuerzo.
The objective of the research was to evaluate the feasibility of using geogrid reinforcement in the design of flexible pavements compared to conventional design without reinforcement. For this purpose, two reference roads were considered, Av. San Martín (133.61 m) located in the province and department of Cajamarca and Av. Prolongación Mariscal Castilla (403.88 m) located in the province and department of Arequipa. In the first instance, the conventional flexible pavement was designed with the AASHTO 93 method using the general formula and the nomogram for the calculation of the structural numbers; consequently, the pavement design was carried out by means of the minimum thickness method and analysis by layers considering the reinforcement of geogrids in the base. As a result, it was found that by using copolymer geogrids in the granular base and preserving the thickness of the base, the traffic capacity can be increased by almost 400 % (TBR of 3.95) or the thickness of the base can be reduced by up to 53 % (BCR 0.47). Regarding the economic analysis, it is found that by using geogrids in roads with a W18 greater than 7 million equivalent axles, the execution costs are reduced (up to 10 % lower with copolymer geogrid), however, if used in roads with lower W18, the economic benefits would be reflected in the maintenance and preservation of the road. It is therefore concluded that the use of geogrids in flexible pavements is both technically and economically feasible compared to a pavement without reinforcement.
The objective of the research was to evaluate the feasibility of using geogrid reinforcement in the design of flexible pavements compared to conventional design without reinforcement. For this purpose, two reference roads were considered, Av. San Martín (133.61 m) located in the province and department of Cajamarca and Av. Prolongación Mariscal Castilla (403.88 m) located in the province and department of Arequipa. In the first instance, the conventional flexible pavement was designed with the AASHTO 93 method using the general formula and the nomogram for the calculation of the structural numbers; consequently, the pavement design was carried out by means of the minimum thickness method and analysis by layers considering the reinforcement of geogrids in the base. As a result, it was found that by using copolymer geogrids in the granular base and preserving the thickness of the base, the traffic capacity can be increased by almost 400 % (TBR of 3.95) or the thickness of the base can be reduced by up to 53 % (BCR 0.47). Regarding the economic analysis, it is found that by using geogrids in roads with a W18 greater than 7 million equivalent axles, the execution costs are reduced (up to 10 % lower with copolymer geogrid), however, if used in roads with lower W18, the economic benefits would be reflected in the maintenance and preservation of the road. It is therefore concluded that the use of geogrids in flexible pavements is both technically and economically feasible compared to a pavement without reinforcement.
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Pavimentos--Diseño y construcción--Perú--Arequipa, Pavimentos--Diseño y construcción--Perú--Cajamarca, Geomallas, Análisis estructural (Ingeniería)
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