La desnaturalización laboral en el sector público del Perú: el abuso en la contratación administrativa de servicios y mediante locación de servicios por el Estado
Date
2025-03-19
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Abstract
Esta investigación tiene por propósito estudiar las consecuencias jurídicas frente a la
situación de desnaturalización laboral en el sector público, concretamente, cómo ha sido
la respuesta del ordenamiento jurídico peruano al fraude o abuso en los contratos de
prestación de servicios falsamente autónomos y sus implicancias en relación con la
contratación administrativa de servicios. A partir de ello, se arriba a la construcción de
una posición propia. Para ello, se ha revisado en el primer capítulo principios que tutelan
la relación de trabajo subordinada y aquellos otros que tutelan el empleo público,
además de exponer la situación actual de informalidad con los datos estadísticos que
tiene el Estado. En el segundo capítulo, se expone críticamente y en clave comparada,
las distintas respuestas que las normas y la jurisprudencia ha dado a la situación de
informalidad laboral en el sector público. Y, a partir de esta información, en el tercer
capítulo se llega a la conclusión de que se hace indispensable para afrontar el problema
de la desnaturalización laboral en el sector público, desde una mirada constitucional, el
de afianzar, de una vez por todas, un régimen general único de empleo público. Pero
como esta es una medida mediata, se expone, seguidamente, que, ante la
contraposición de intereses de la persona trabajadora y de aquellos que busca cautelar
un empleo público meritocrático al servicio de la nación, no puede conceder el ingreso
a la función pública si no es mediante un concurso público de méritos en condiciones de
igualdad.
The purpose of this research is to study the legal consequences of the situation of labor distortion in the Peruvian civil service, specifically, how the Peruvian legal system has responded to fraud and abuse of temporary and civil contracts in the Public Administration. From this, we arrive at the construction of our own position. For this, the principles that protect the subordinate employment relationship and those others that protect public employment have been reviewed in the first chapter, in addition it is exposed the current situation of informality with the statistical information that the state itself has produced. In the second chapter, the different responses that the norms and jurisprudence have given to the situation of labor informality in the public sector are exposed critically and in a comparative key. And, based on this information, in the third chapter, it is concluded that it is essential to face the problem of labor informality in the public sector, from a constitutional point of view, to strengthen, once and for all, a single civil service regime. But since this is a mediate measure, it is then stated that, given the conflicting interests of the worker and those who seek to protect a meritocratic public job at the service of the nation, entry into the public service cannot be granted if it is not through a public contest of merits in conditions of equality.
The purpose of this research is to study the legal consequences of the situation of labor distortion in the Peruvian civil service, specifically, how the Peruvian legal system has responded to fraud and abuse of temporary and civil contracts in the Public Administration. From this, we arrive at the construction of our own position. For this, the principles that protect the subordinate employment relationship and those others that protect public employment have been reviewed in the first chapter, in addition it is exposed the current situation of informality with the statistical information that the state itself has produced. In the second chapter, the different responses that the norms and jurisprudence have given to the situation of labor informality in the public sector are exposed critically and in a comparative key. And, based on this information, in the third chapter, it is concluded that it is essential to face the problem of labor informality in the public sector, from a constitutional point of view, to strengthen, once and for all, a single civil service regime. But since this is a mediate measure, it is then stated that, given the conflicting interests of the worker and those who seek to protect a meritocratic public job at the service of the nation, entry into the public service cannot be granted if it is not through a public contest of merits in conditions of equality.
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Keywords
Contratos de trabajo--Legislación--Perú, Derecho laboral--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Empleados públicos--Legislación--Perú, Función pública--Perú
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