Adaptación del programa de intervención “Leito” para la mejora de los predictores de la lectura en niños de primer grado de una Institución Educativa Estatal del distrito de La Victoria.
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Date
2021-06-02
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo principal comprobar la mejora de los
predictores de la lectura en niños de primer grado de una Institución Educativa
Estatal del distrito de La Victoria a través de la adaptación del programa “Leito,
preparémonos para la lectura”. El diseño es cuasiexperimental en donde la muestra
está conformada por cuarenta estudiantes, además se utiliza como instrumento de
evaluación el Test de Habilidades Prelectoras (THP) y el sub test de la prueba ALE
para la denominación de figuras y de esa manera, conocer el nivel de dominio de
los predictores en los niños antes del inicio de la lectura. La muestra se distribuye
de manera aleatoria en dos grupos: control y experimental. Este último participa del
programa de intervención durante 3 meses con una frecuencia de una vez por
semana, con 11 sesiones de dos horas y media de duración. Este programa
contempla el desarrollo de la conciencia fonológica a nivel de sílabas y fonemas, el
conocimiento alfabético y la velocidad de denominación de imágenes. Al término
de éste, se vuelve a aplicar los tests a ambos grupos finalizando con el análisis de
los datos obtenidos. Se comprueba que el grupo experimental mejora notablemente
los niveles de conciencia fonológica y conocimiento alfabético, siendo el índice de
velocidad de denominación, en el que, a pesar de la mejora, continúan por debajo
del promedio. De esta manera, se concluye que el programa de intervención con las
adaptaciones realizadas influye en la mejora de los predictores de la lectura.
The main objective of this research is to verify the improvement of the predictors of reading in first-grade children of a State Educational Institution of the district of La Victoria through the adaptation of the program "Leito, let´s prepare for reading". The design is quasiexperimental where the sample is made up of forty students. In addition to the evaluation of the Prerequisite Skills Test (THP) and the ALE test subtest for the denomination of figures and in that way, to know the level of domain of predictors in children before the start of reading. The sample is randomly distributed in two groups: control and experimental. This last one participates in the intervention program for 3 months with a frequency of once a week, with 11 sessions lasting two and a half hours. This program includes the development of phonological awareness at the level of syllables and phonemes, alphabetical knowledge and the speed of image naming. At the end of this, the tests are applied again to both groups ending with the analysis of the data obtained. It is verified that the experimental group significantly improves the levels of phonological awareness and alphabetical knowledge, being the rate of denomination rate, in which, despite the improvement, they continue below the average. In this way, it is concluded that the intervention program with the adaptations made influences the improvement of the predictors of reading.
The main objective of this research is to verify the improvement of the predictors of reading in first-grade children of a State Educational Institution of the district of La Victoria through the adaptation of the program "Leito, let´s prepare for reading". The design is quasiexperimental where the sample is made up of forty students. In addition to the evaluation of the Prerequisite Skills Test (THP) and the ALE test subtest for the denomination of figures and in that way, to know the level of domain of predictors in children before the start of reading. The sample is randomly distributed in two groups: control and experimental. This last one participates in the intervention program for 3 months with a frequency of once a week, with 11 sessions lasting two and a half hours. This program includes the development of phonological awareness at the level of syllables and phonemes, alphabetical knowledge and the speed of image naming. At the end of this, the tests are applied again to both groups ending with the analysis of the data obtained. It is verified that the experimental group significantly improves the levels of phonological awareness and alphabetical knowledge, being the rate of denomination rate, in which, despite the improvement, they continue below the average. In this way, it is concluded that the intervention program with the adaptations made influences the improvement of the predictors of reading.
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Lectura--Estudio y enseñanza (Primaria), Educación primaria--Perú--Investigaciones
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