Factores que influyeron en la implementación del proyecto mejormiento y ampliación de servicio de agua potable y saneamiento básicoo entre 2016 y 2017, a través del Programa Nacional de Saneamiento Rural (PNSR), en la localidad de Overal
Date
2023-04-17
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación se enfoca en los factores que influyeron en la
implementación del proyecto “Mejoramiento y ampliación del servicio de agua
potable y saneamiento básico en la localidad de Overal, distrito de Huarmaca,
provincia de Huancabamba.
La localidad, antes de la intervención del PNSR, cuenta con servicio de agua
corriente no potable de baja cobertura, y en relación a la infraestructura de
saneamiento que tiene es precaria o nula. El 10% de las viviendas cuentan con
letrinas artesanales construidas por los propios pobladores, el resto de la
población hace sus necesidades fisiológicas a campo abierto, originando graves
problemas a la salud y al medio ambiente; el proyecto plantea solucionar los
problemas de Abastecimiento de Agua Potable y Saneamiento en la localidad,
ya que esta viene sufriendo muchas enfermedades de origen hídrico, debido al
consumo de agua que no se encuentra en condiciones óptimas para el consumo
humano.
De los datos obtenidos se advierte que la población desconoce de los hábitos de
higiene, al no contar con agua y saneamiento dentro de sus viviendas; estas
malas prácticas de higiene personal y domestica son el reflejo de su salud
actual, y se ha demostrado que las enfermedades crónicas afectan directa e
indirectamente a los pobladores de la localidad.
Estas enfermedades se reflejan en gastrointestinales, como las enterocolitis,
diarreas agudas infecciosas y parasitarias. De las enfermedades detectadas
entre niños y adultos en los años 2010 al 2012 se concluye lo siguiente:
Infecciones en niños 4%, Adultos 68%; Parasitarias niños 24%, Adultos 4%;
enfermedades de piel en niños 4% y adultos 8%.
Por tanto, la implementación del Programa Nacional de Saneamiento Rural
(PNSR), en la localidad con la ejecución del proyecto, busca lograr el acceso de
la localidad al agua potable de calidad (que cuenten con los tratamientos
tecnológicos y microbiológicos aptos para el consumo humano) y los servicios de
saneamiento básico para la mejora de su salud, queriendo lograr un cambio
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progresivo de sus hábitos de limpieza e higiene personal, así como limpieza del
medio e higiene doméstica y de este modo lograr mejoras en su calidad de vida.
Finalmente, la investigación ha demostrado que el proyecto implementado por el
PNSR en la localidad ha logrado su objetivo con los cambios de actitud en la
población frente a sus hábitos de higiene y salud y de este modo la mejora en su
calidad de vida. Aún así, el nivel de participación de los profesionales calificados
por el PNSR, que cumplan con el nivel de experiencia influye en el logro de las
metas, así como el nivel de involucramiento de la población y su participación y s
acciones son vehículos importantes para el logro de los objetivos.
En consecuencia, la investigación ha demostrado que el éxito del programa
dependerá directamente del grado de involucramiento de los actores.
The present research focuses on the factors that influenced the implementation of the project “Improvement and expansion of the drinking water and basic sanitation service in the town of Overal, Huarmaca district, Huancabamba province. The locality before the intervention of the PNSR, has a non-potable running water service of low coverage, and in relation to the sanitation infrastructure they have, it is precarious or nil, 10% of the houses have artisan latrines built by the residents themselves , the rest of the population makes their physiological needs in the open, causing serious problems to health and the environment; The project proposes to solve the problems of Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation in the locality, since it is suffering many diseases of water origin, due to the consumption of water that is not in optimal conditions for human consumption. From the data obtained, it is noted that the population is unaware of hygiene habits, since they do not have water and sanitation inside their homes; These bad practices of personal and domestic hygiene are a reflection of their current health, and it has been shown that chronic diseases directly and indirectly affect local residents. These diseases are reflected in gastrointestinal diseases, such as enterocolitis, acute and infectious and parasitic diarrhea, of the diseases detected among children and adults in the years, 2010 to 2012, Infections in children 4%, adults 68%; Parasitic children 24%, adults 4%; Skin diseases in children 4%, adults 8%. Therefore, the implementation of the National Rural Sanitation Program (PNSR), in the locality with the execution of the project, seeks to achieve the access of the locality to quality drinking water (That have the technological and microbiological treatments suitable for human consumption ) and basic sanitation services, for the improvement of your health, wanting to achieve a progressive change of your cleaning and personal hygiene habits, as well as cleaning of the environment and domestic hygiene, thus improving your quality of life. Finally, research has shown that the project implemented by the PNSR in the locality, has achieved its objective with changes in the population's attitude towards their hygiene and health habits and thus improving their quality of life, even so The level of participation of professionals qualified by the PNSR, who meet the level of experience influences the achievement of the goals, as well as the level of involvement of the population, their participation and their actions are important vehicles for the achievement of objectives, consequently research has shown that the success of the program will depend directly on the degree of involvement of the actors.
The present research focuses on the factors that influenced the implementation of the project “Improvement and expansion of the drinking water and basic sanitation service in the town of Overal, Huarmaca district, Huancabamba province. The locality before the intervention of the PNSR, has a non-potable running water service of low coverage, and in relation to the sanitation infrastructure they have, it is precarious or nil, 10% of the houses have artisan latrines built by the residents themselves , the rest of the population makes their physiological needs in the open, causing serious problems to health and the environment; The project proposes to solve the problems of Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation in the locality, since it is suffering many diseases of water origin, due to the consumption of water that is not in optimal conditions for human consumption. From the data obtained, it is noted that the population is unaware of hygiene habits, since they do not have water and sanitation inside their homes; These bad practices of personal and domestic hygiene are a reflection of their current health, and it has been shown that chronic diseases directly and indirectly affect local residents. These diseases are reflected in gastrointestinal diseases, such as enterocolitis, acute and infectious and parasitic diarrhea, of the diseases detected among children and adults in the years, 2010 to 2012, Infections in children 4%, adults 68%; Parasitic children 24%, adults 4%; Skin diseases in children 4%, adults 8%. Therefore, the implementation of the National Rural Sanitation Program (PNSR), in the locality with the execution of the project, seeks to achieve the access of the locality to quality drinking water (That have the technological and microbiological treatments suitable for human consumption ) and basic sanitation services, for the improvement of your health, wanting to achieve a progressive change of your cleaning and personal hygiene habits, as well as cleaning of the environment and domestic hygiene, thus improving your quality of life. Finally, research has shown that the project implemented by the PNSR in the locality, has achieved its objective with changes in the population's attitude towards their hygiene and health habits and thus improving their quality of life, even so The level of participation of professionals qualified by the PNSR, who meet the level of experience influences the achievement of the goals, as well as the level of involvement of the population, their participation and their actions are important vehicles for the achievement of objectives, consequently research has shown that the success of the program will depend directly on the degree of involvement of the actors.
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Keywords
Agua--Saneamiento--Perú--Overal (Piura : Distrito), Agua potable--Abastecimiento--Perú--Zona rural
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