El efecto del programa nacional Cuna Más sobre la salud mental de las madres en el Perú
Date
2023-09-12
Journal Title
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Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Las mujeres cumplen con múltiples roles en la sociedad, lo cual las pone en mayor riesgo de
experimentar trastornos mentales. Asimismo, la salud mental materna es determinante para el
desarrollo socioemocional y cognitivo del niño durante sus primeros años de vida (Aizer et al., 2016).
En este sentido, los resultados esperados del programa de cuidado infantil Cuna Más pueden verse
afectados por los efectos sobre salud mental de la madre. El objetivo de este estudio es estimar el
efecto de que los hijos asistan a una guardería del programa Cuna Más sobre la salud mental de la
madre. La metodología utilizada fue Regresión Discontinua, utilizando como variable de asignación
los 36 meses que es la edad máxima a la cual un niño puede acceder a Cuna Más. Los resultados
obtenidos indican que ser usuaria de Cuna Más reduce en 0.46 desviaciones estándar el puntaje
de depresión. En particular, tiene significancia en mujeres entre 15 y 30 años, con 1 o 2 hijos y con
secundaria incompleta. Este trabajo contribuye a la literatura en dos formas. Primero, genera más
evidencia del efecto de las guarderías públicas en la salud mental de las madres donde se concluye
que dicho efecto parece ser diferenciado, dependiendo del tipo de trastorno en la salud mental
analizado y las condiciones de acceso al servicio de cuidado diurno. Segundo, es el primer estudio
en analizar dicho efecto de Cuna Más sobre la salud mental de la madre en el Perú.
Women have multiple roles in society, which puts them at greater risk of experiencing mental disorders. In addition, maternal mental health is a determinant of the socio-emotional and cognitive development of the child during their first years of life (Aizer et al., 2016). In this sense, the expected results of the Cuna Mas childcare program can be affected by the effects on the mother's mental health. The objective of this study is to estimate the effect of children attending a Cuna Mas daycare center on the mother's mental health. The methodology used was regression discontinuity, using 36 months as the allocation variable, which is the maximum age at which a child can access Cuna Mas. The results obtained indicate that having your child in Cuna Mas reduces the depression score by 0.46 standard deviations. Women between 15 and 30 years of age, with 1 or 2 children and with incomplete high school have a significant impact. This work contributes to the literature in two ways. First, it generates more evidence of the effect of public daycare centers on the mental health of mothers where this effect is differentiated, depending on the type of mental health disorder analyzed and the conditions of access to the daycare service. Second, it is the first study to analyze the effect of Cuna Más on maternal mental health in Peru.
Women have multiple roles in society, which puts them at greater risk of experiencing mental disorders. In addition, maternal mental health is a determinant of the socio-emotional and cognitive development of the child during their first years of life (Aizer et al., 2016). In this sense, the expected results of the Cuna Mas childcare program can be affected by the effects on the mother's mental health. The objective of this study is to estimate the effect of children attending a Cuna Mas daycare center on the mother's mental health. The methodology used was regression discontinuity, using 36 months as the allocation variable, which is the maximum age at which a child can access Cuna Mas. The results obtained indicate that having your child in Cuna Mas reduces the depression score by 0.46 standard deviations. Women between 15 and 30 years of age, with 1 or 2 children and with incomplete high school have a significant impact. This work contributes to the literature in two ways. First, it generates more evidence of the effect of public daycare centers on the mental health of mothers where this effect is differentiated, depending on the type of mental health disorder analyzed and the conditions of access to the daycare service. Second, it is the first study to analyze the effect of Cuna Más on maternal mental health in Peru.
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Keywords
Guarderías--Perú, Madres--Salud e higiene--Perú, Salud mental--Perú, Perú--Política social
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